Sectorization is an effective technique for reducing the complexities of analyzing and managing of water systems. The resulting sectors, called district metering areas (DMAs), are expected to meet some requirements and performance criteria such as minimum number of intervention, pressure uniformity, similarity of demands, water quality and number of districts. An efficient methodology to achieve all these requirements together and the proper choice of a criteria governing the sectorization is one of the open questions about optimal DMAs design. This question is addressed in this research by highlighting the advantages of three different criteria when applied to real-word water distribution networks (WDNs). To this, here it is presented a two-stage approach for optimal design of DMAs. The first stage, the clustering of the system, is based on a Louvain-type greedy algorithm for the generalized modularity maximization. The second stage, the physical dividing of the system, is stated as a two-objective optimization problem that utilises the SMOSA version of simulated annealing for multiobjective problems. One objective is the number of isolation valves whereas for the second objective three different performance indices (PIs) are analyzed and compared: (a) standard deviation, (b) Gini coefficient and (c) loss of resilience. The methodology is applied to two real case studies where the first two PIs are optimized to address similar demands among DMAs. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for sectorization into independent DMAs with similar demands. Surprisingly, it found that for the real studied systems, loss of resilience achieves better performance for each district in terms of pressure uniformity and demand similarity than the other two specific performance criteria.
La sectorización óptima de redes de agua potable es uno de los enfoques innovadores para el análisis y gestión de los sistemas hidráulicos que más se ha potenciado en los últimos años. Abarca aspectos técnicos como la planificación de sistemas de medición eficientes, la creación de zonas de control de presión, la instalación de instrumentos para el monitoreo y la detección temprana de contaminantes. En este trabajo se evalúa la confiabilidad de la sectorización óptima frente a un aumento de las demandas de un número determinado de consumidores. Se analiza la sectorización obtenida maximizando el índice de modularidad y se la contrapone con la red sin segmentar. Conjuntamente, se realiza una comparación con la estructura obtenida maximizando una función objetivo que combina la modularidad y la resiliencia de la red. El procedimiento se aplica a dos sistemas hidráulicos: una red académica de 25 nodos y una red real de la Provincia de Córdoba.
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