The effects of the chronic administration of cholesterol on the stunned myocardium have not been studied. The objective was to determine the effect of a cholesterol enriched diet on postischemic ventricular dysfunction. In group 1 (G1, n = 7) isolated rabbit hearts underwent a follow up of ventricular function during 30 min in aerobic conditions. In group 2 (G2, n = 6) G1 was repeated but the animals were subjected to a 1% cholesterol enriched diet during 4 weeks (hypercholesterolemic animals). In group 3 (G3, n = 8) hearts underwent 15 min of global ischemia followed by 30 min of reperfusion. In Group 4 (G4, n = 11) G3 was repeated, but in hypercholesterolemic animals. Since cholesterol decreased the inotropism in basal situation, and this makes the comparison between groups difficult, we performed a Group 5 (G5, n = 7), in which G4 protocol was repeated but isoproterenol (8 microg/kg/min) was administered 10 min before ischemia, in order to match the preischemic inotropic state with respect to the normocholesterolemic ones. G1 and G2 maintained a stable inotropism during the 30 min of perfusion. The preischemic left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) in G3 and G4 was 91.4 +/- 4.3 and 70.8 +/- 3.4 mmHg (p < 0.05), respectively, and after 30 min of reperfusion differences were not observed between G3 and G4. Nevertheless, when LVDP is expressed as a percentage, we detected an attenuation of postischemic systolic alterations in hypercholesterolemic animals (67.3 +/- 3.6 in G4 vs. 90.8 +/- 3.1% in G3, p < 0.05). When LVDP in G5 was increased until matching the one of G3, there were no differences after 30 min of reperfusion. Left ventricular end diastolic pressure increased 285 +/- 46%, 61 +/- 25% (p < 0.05 vs. G3 and G5) and 216 +/- 25% in G3, G4 and G5 at 30 min of reperfusion. There were no differences either in the values of tau or infarct size between groups. Thus, in hypercholesterolemic animals, a decrease of the preischemic inotropism exists and there is an attenuation of the stunned myocardium. When contractility of the normo and hypercholesterolemic animals is matched, the beneficial effect disappears.

No abstract

Introducción: la apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) es una patología de alta prevalencia asociada al sobrepeso y la obesidad. La relación entre el síndrome metabólico (SM) y la AOS no ha sido comunicada en nuestro medio.Materiales y métodos: estudio retrospectivo en adultos seleccionados para poligrafía respiratoria y evaluación metabólica clasificados según la presencia de SM.Resultados: incluimos 302 pacientes. La prevalencia de obesidad fue de 66,88% y de SM de 62,58%. El 19% presentó síntomas de somnolencia diurna y el 48,3% mostró cinco o más componentes del cuestionario STOP-BANG.Los pacientes con AOS fueron mayormente del sexo masculino, con mayor edad; peso corporal, circunferencia de cintura y cuello comparados con el grupo sin AOS (57 vs 49 años, p<0,001; 93,89 vs 85 kg, p<0,05; 108 vs 100 cm, p<0,001 respectivamente). Mostraron mayores valores de triglicéridos, presión arterial sistólica, obesidad e índice de desaturación (134 vs 99 mg/dl, p<0,001; 134 vs 128 mmHg, p<0,05; 69,2 vs 52,3%, p<0,05 y 14,6 vs 2 ev/h, p<0,001 respectivamente). La cantidad de componentes de STOP-BANG fue mayor en los pacientes con AOS (5 vs 3; p<0,001).Conclusiones: AOS y SM están frecuentemente relacionados y permanecen subdiagnosticados. La utilización de cuestionarios validados facilita la identificación de candidatos a estudios de sueño. Se necesita la implementación de programas de gestión de hábitos saludables para prevenir las complicaciones de ambas patologías.

No abstract

We found more prevalence of cardiometabolic and MS risk factors among the group of post-menopausal patients. The responsible mechanisms would respond to the secondary hypoestrogenaemia at the cease of the ovarian function. Because of this fact, menopausal women should be considered a risk group for the development of MS.