Introducción: En la última década los anticoagulantes orales directos (ACOD) se incorporaron como herramienta para la anticoagulación en pacientes con tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP) aguda. Aunque tienen un mejor perfil farmacológico que los antagonistas de la vitamina K (AVK), el uso de estos fármacos no es masivo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el uso de ACOD en pacientes con TEP aguda y detectar determinantes de su indicación. Metodología: Análisis preespecificado del registro CONAREC XX que incorporó pacientes con TEP aguda en 64 centros de Argentina. Se realizó un análisis para detectar predictores de prescripción de ACOD al alta. Resultados: Se analizaron 579 pacientes que recibieron anticoagulación al alta hospitalaria: el 60% recibió AVK, el 21% heparinas y el 19% ACOD (de ellos, un 49% rivaroxabán, un 34% apixabán y un 17% dabigatrán). Los pacientes que recibieron ACOD tenían TEP de menor gravedad, menor riesgo de hemorragia y menos complicaciones intrahospitalarias. En el seguimiento a 30 días no hubo diferencias en mortalidad por todas las causas o sangrados. La cobertura de salud por un seguro social (odds ratio [OR]: 7.45; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%]: 1.74-31.9; p < 0.01) o por cobertura privada (OR: 10.5; IC 95%: 2.4-45.9; p < 0.01) fueron predictores independientes de la prescripción de ACOD al alta, y el antecedente de insuficiencia cardiaca (OR: 0.19; IC 95%: 0.04-0.84; p = 0.028) y de enfermedad oncológica (OR: 0.49; IC 95%: 0.27-0.89; p = 0.02) fueron predictores de no prescribirlos. Conclusiones: Uno de cada cinco supervivientes de TEP aguda recibió ACOD al egreso hospitalario en Argentina, y esto fue determinado por variables clínicas y económicas
Introduction:In the past decade, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been incorporated as an anticoagulation tool in patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Although they have a better pharmacological profile than Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), the use of these drugs is not massive. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of DOACs in patients with acute PE and to detect determinants of its use. Methodology: An analysis of the CONAREC XX registry was performed to detect predictors of DOAC prescription at discharge in patients hospitalized with acute PE in 64 centers in Argentina. Results: A total of 579 patients who received anticoagulation at hospital discharge were analyzed: 60% received VKA, 21% heparin, and 19% DOAC (of them, 49% rivaroxaban, 34% apixaban, and 17% dabigatran). Patients receiving DOACs had less severe PE, lower risk of bleeding, and fewer in-hospital complications. At 30-day follow-up, there were no differences in all-cause mortality or bleeding. Health coverage by social insurance (OR = 7.45, p < 0.01) or by private coverage (OR = 10.5, CI = 95% 2.4-45.9, p < 0.01) was independent predictors of DOAC prescription at discharge, and history of heart failure (OR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.04-0.84, p = 0.028) and oncological disease (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.27-0.89; p = 0.02) were predictors not prescribe them. Conclusion: One in five survivors of acute PE received DOACs at hospital discharge in Argentina, and this was determined by clinical and economic variables.
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