Effective teachers are those who achieved the aims and objective of education at large. It is in view of this that this paper examined influence of teaching resources on physical education teachers effectiveness in Kwara state, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were (i) determine the influence of use of instructional materials on teachers effectiveness in physical educationn  (ii) assess the influence of curriculum on teachers effectiveness in physical educatin. The population was 250 teachers, while a sample of 150 respondents were used for the study. Two hypotheses were postulated and tested for the study. Questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents and chi-square (x2) statistical tool was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that use of instructional materials and curriculum are fundamental to teachers effectiveness in teaching physical education in schools. Sequel to the findings of the study, it was concluded that government should organized seminars and workshop for teachers in form of training and re-training programme so as to enhance their effectiveness in teaching and learning of physical education.

The decline in female participation in school sports is undesirable because of the fact that it is considered to be for boys only. It is in light of this, the study was carried out to examine socio-cultural determinants of female students’ participation in school sports in Kogi State, Nigeria. The population was 3,290 female students while 310 respondents were sampled for this study. Three hypotheses were postulated and tested using inferential statistics of Chi-square to analyze the data. Questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The findings show that gender, cultural and religious belief served as a significant determinant of female participation in sports. Based on the finding, it was concluded that both male and female students should be encouraged to develop right attitude towards sports participation in schools so as to enhance gender equality in sports. There is need to sensitize the general public through various agents of socialization on how to change the negative cultural belief of people towards female participation in sports.

Football is one of the major sports that contribute to the economic and social development of a community which requires effective organization. However, this study examined  impact of COVID-19 on the organization of professional football league in Nigeria. The objectives of this study were to: assess the relationship between a postponement of league and pay cut of wages of players on the organization of football league. The descriptive research design of survey type was used. The population comprised all registered players and sports administrators. A stratified and purposive sampling technique was used to select 100 respondents. Researcher-structured questionnaires were employed. The validity and reliability level of the instrument was through test re-test method using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) and a co-efficient of 0.85r was obtained. The administration of the instrument was done by the researchers and research assistants. The data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The result of the findings revealed that there was a significant relationship between a postponement of league and pay cut of wages and organization of professional football league in Nigeria. The study concluded that the league management and NFF should meet with other stakeholders to brainstorm the modalities on the resumption of the league in Nigeria.

Background: It will be interesting to say that the rise in e-sports participation and online training is more prevalence than before due to COVID-19 pandemic. It is in view of this that the study investigated social media efficacy on athletes training and workout during COVID-19 pandemic in Kwara State, Nigeria. The objectives of this study were to assess. influence of use of YouTube on athlete training and workout, ii. influence of facebook and twitter on athlete training and workout during COVID-19 pandemic. Contribution: Coaches and athletes are encouraged to embraced digitilization of sports as a mean of effective communication. Method: Descriptive research design of the survey type was used. The population of the study comprises all coaches and athletes in the study area. The Multistage sampling procedures of stratified, purposive and random sampling techniques were used to select 85 respondents. A researcher-structured questionnaire was used for the study. The instrument was validated and tested for reliability using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). A correlation co-efficient of 0.65r was obtained. The data collected were analysed using inferential statistics of chi-square (x2) to test the formulated hypotheses set for the study at 0.05 alpha level. Results: The Results revealed that the use of YouTube, facebook, twitter and use of video calls through Skype had significant influences on athletes training and workout during COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The study concluded that use of YouTube, facebook, twitter and virtual platform were fundamental and significant to athletes training and workout during Covid-19 pandemic lockdown