Traditional magnetostrictive/piezoelectric laminated composites rely on the two-dimensional interface that transfers stress/strain to achieve the large magnetoelectric (ME) coupling, nevertheless, they suffer from the theoretical limitation of the strain effect and of the substrate clamping effect in real ME applications. In this work, 3D NZFO/BTO-pillar nanocomposite films were grown on SrTiO by template-assisted pulsed laser deposition, where BaTiO (BTO) nanopillars appeared in an array with distinct phase transitions as the cores were covered by NiZn ferrite (NZFO) layer. The perfect 3D heteroepitaxial interface between BTO and NZFO phases can be identified without any edge dislocations, which allows effective strain transfer at the 3D interface. The 3D structure nanocomposites enable the strong two magnon scattering (TMS) effect that enhances ME coupling at the interface and reduces the clamping effect by strain relaxation. Thereby, a large FMR field shift of 1866 Oe in NZFO/BTO-pillar nanocomposite was obtained at the TMS critical angle near the BTO nanopillars phase transition of 255 K.
The operation mechanism of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors relies on the linear response of the magnetization direction to an external magnetic field. Since the magnetic anisotropy of ferromagnetic layers can be manipulated by a strain-mediated magnetoelectric coupling effect, we propose a tunable GMR magnetic field sensor design that allows for voltage tuning of the linear range and sensitivity. A spin valve structure Ru/CoFe/Cu/CoFe/IrMn/Ru is grown on a PMN-PT (011) substrate, and the magnetization directions of ferromagnetic layers can be controlled by an electric field. An adjustable linear magnetoresistance is therefore induced. Based on the magnetoelectric coupling effect and spin valve, we prepared tunable GMR magnetic field sensors with bridge structures. The linear sensing range of a DC magnetic field is enhanced 6 times by applying an electric field of 14 kV/cm. The electrically tunable GMR sensor fulfills the requirements to work at different magnetic field ranges in the same configuration, therefore exhibiting great potential for applications in the Internet of things.
SnO2 nanoparticles, nanoflowers, and nanorods of highly crystalline were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method. The size and morphology of the SnO2 nanostructures could be controlled by varying the NaOH concentration of the precursor solutions. The SnO2 structures appeared to be sphere-like nanoparticles with diameters in the range of 5–10 nm in lower NaOH concentrations. In higher NaOH concentrations, the nanostructures showed orientation growth behavior and were flower-like or rod-like in morphology. The sphere-like shape demonstrated that Ostwald ripening took effect only at lower NaOH concentration while the preferential growth behavior at higher NaOH concentration testified “oriented attachment” was more suitable under this condition. Photocatalysis experiments were carried out to study the influence of the morphology, size, and surface on photocatalytic activities of SnO2. The nanoparticles synthesized with the MNaOH:MSnCl4 = 4:1 showed the highest photolytic activities owing to their tiny size, large surface area, and abundant defect-related energy states.
The voltage modulation in spin dynamics via the spin-lattice coupling (SLC) effect has been investigated in epitaxial La0.5Sr0.5MnO3/PMN-PT multiferroic heterostructures. The critical angle for the disappearance of the first exchange (FEX) spin wave has been observed around 67° experimentally and been shifted about 4° by applying an electric field (E-field). In particular, at the critical angle, the FEX spin wave can be switched “on” and “off” by voltages, showing great potential in realizing magnonic devices. Moreover, the FEX spin wave resonance shift of 187 Oe at 173 K has been realized by the voltage driven SLC effect, which is a little larger than piezostrain-induced ferromagnetic resonance shift of 169 Oe. The experimental results can be well-explained by the modified Puszkarski spin wave theory.
The donor−acceptor interface within molecular charge transfer (CT) solids plays a vital role in the hybridization of molecular orbitals to determine their carrier transport and electronic delocalization. In this study, we demonstrate molecular assembly-driven bilayer and crystalline solids, consisting of electron donor dibenzotetrathiafulvalene (DBTTF) and acceptor C 60 , in which interfacial engineeringinduced CT degree control is a key parameter for tuning its optical, electronic, and magnetic performance. Compared to the DBTTF/C 60 bilayer structure, the DBTTFC 60 cocrystalline solids show a stronger degree of charge transfer for broad CT absorption and a large dielectric constant. In addition, the DBTTFC 60 cocrystals exhibit distinct CT arrangement-driven anisotropic electron mobility and spin characteristics, which further enables the development of high-penetration and high-energy γ-ray photodetectors. The results presented in this paper provide a basis for the design and control of molecular charge transfer solids, which facilitates the integration of such materials into molecular electronics.
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