No abstract

To investigate the role of GLI1 on skin proliferation and neovascularization during skin expansion in mice. We constructed GLI1-cre/R26-Tdtomato and GLI1-cre/R26mtmg gene-tagged skin expansion mouse models. Using a two-photon in vivo imaging instrument to observe the changes in the number and distribution of GLI1(+) cells dur-How to cite this article: Zhang X, Chen Y, Ding P, et al. The SHH-GLI1 pathway is required in skin expansion and angiogenesis.

Injection of fillers for soft tissue augmentation can lead to a variety of complications, among which vascular occlusion caused by intravascular injection of filler will induce severe or permanent damage. The treatment strategies for intravascular embolization caused by injection include warm compress application, but the exact beneficial effects of this therapy have not been confirmed. The purpose of this study is to construct an intravascular injection embolism model and observe the effectiveness of warm and cold compress through a randomized, controlled trial. Thirty rabbit’s sixty ears were randomly divided into warm compress group, cold compress group, and control group. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was slowly injected into the central ear artery (CEA) to cause vascular embolism. Warm compress and cold compress treatment were performed respectively. The vascular recanalization and other related indexes were observed at 30 min, 1 day, and 7 days after injection, and the tissue necrosis was analyzed at 7 days. In the early stage of vascular embolization, warm compress can immediately promote vascular dilatation, blood circulation and partial blood flow recovery. One day after intravascular injection, warm compress can reduce intravascular embolization and reduce the incidence of tissue necrosis. At 7 days after intravascular injection, the vessels in the cold compress and control groups were still embolized while the percentage of recanalization in the warm compress group was 47.4% (P < 0.000). Early-stage warm compress after intravascular PMMA injection is conducive to recanalization of vascular embolization and reducing tissue necrosis.

The purposes of this study were to analyze the effect of trans-sutural distraction osteogenesis (TSDO) on nasal bone, nasal septum, and nasal airway in the treatment of midfacial hypoplasia. A total of 29 growing patients with midfacial hypoplasia who underwent TSDO by a single surgeon were enrolled. The 3-dimensional measurement of nasal bone and nasal septum changes was performed using computed tomography (CT) images obtained preoperatively (T0) and postoperatively (T1). One patient was selected to establish 3-dimensional finite element models to simulate the characteristics of nasal airflow field before and after traction. After traction, the nasal bone moved forward significantly (P < 0.01). The septal deviation angle was lower than that before traction (14.43 ± 4.70 versus 16.86 ± 4.59 degrees) (P < 0.01). The length of the anterior and posterior margin of the vomer increased by 21.4% (P < 0.01) and 27.6% (P < 0.01), respectively, after TSDO. The length of the posterior margin of the perpendicular plate of ethmoid increased (P < 0.05). The length of the posterior inferior and the posterior superior margin of the nasal septum cartilage increased (P < 0.01) after traction. The cross-sectional area of nasal airway on the deviated side of nasal septum increased by 23.0% after traction (P < 0.05). The analysis of nasal airflow field showed that the pressure and velocity of nasal airflow and the nasal resistance decreased. In conclusion, TSDO can promote the growth of the midface, especially nasal septum, and increase the nasal space. Furthermore, TSDO is conductive to improve nasal septum deviation and decrease nasal airway resistance.