An important aspect in any business process lifecycle is management of the performance, where performance requirements on business processes are specified as Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) with target values which are to be achieved in a certain analysis period. A KPI is a business metric used to measure and evaluate the individual capability, maturity, complexity, and agility of a business process in the development environment. This study designed four general KPIs for the integration of SOA and scrum to bring further advancement in these approaches for IIoT. The study also identified some common metrics which will give help to software developers and, especially, to those who want to apply SOA and scrum integration. These metrics will play a critical role of bridging the strategy and concepts of improvements with operational activities. The identified KPIs will help to measure the business agility, quality and value, team efficiency, and complexity of scrum- and SOA based projects. Software development organizations can also practice these KPIs to know where to focus their resources to deliver the ultimate business profit. So, software business organizations could better align their business projects and IT investments with the rapid market change and deliveries.

In this paper, creep tests were carried out on HTPE/AP/Al/RDX propellant specimens to investigate the effects of stress level and temperature on their creep behavior and to investigate the creep mechanism. Higher stresses and temperature can cause greater creep strain in the propellant, ultimately leading to its destruction. On this basis, the creep master curve was further obtained based on the Time‐Temperature Superposition Principle (TTSP), extending the creep investigation time range to 1010 s. Based on previous experience, some explorations have been made on constitutive equations. The burgers model fits the creep behavior under different conditions more closely, while the Norton model has higher stress sensitivity.

In this work, the energetic thermoplastic polymers were synthesized with different ratios of energetic prepolymer glycidyl azide (GAP) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and used as the binder to prepare fuel‐rich propellants based on Al−Mg. The results showed that energetic thermoplastic polymer enabled the fuel‐rich propellant a faster flame spread, greater flame strength, and a stronger injection effect of metal droplets. The weight loss (Δm) of the propellants increased with GAP content, while the weight loss rate (Dmax) increased similarly. The Δm increased from 7.92 % to 9.86 % and Dmax from −0.23 % ⋅ °C−1 to −0.35 % ⋅ °C−1 in the range 100–256.5 °C. The propellant with the highest GAP content (85GAP‐Prop) had the lowest apparent activation energy (150.77 kJ ⋅ mol−1). The average pressure rate of 85GAP‐Prop burning in a closed bomb reached 7.67 MPa ⋅ s−1 and the maximum instantaneous pressure rate could reach 16.52 MPa ⋅ s−1, significantly higher than the other propellants. The combustion products analysis indicated that the higher GAP content in the GAP‐IPDI energetic thermoplastic polymer more significantly reduced the agglomeration of Al particles and improved the loosening of the combustion products. The rapid combustion gas generation characteristic and energy release of energetic thermoplastic polymer enhanced the combustion characteristics of the fuel‐rich propellant based on Al−Mg, which promoted dispersion level between the metal droplets. This work provides insight into the combustion principles and performance improvements of fuel‐rich propellant based on Al−Mg.