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Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection causes anxiety, depression, and stress that affect the immune response.Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of anxiety, depression, and stress on the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 ) of Covid-19 patients. Method: Analytical observational research with consecutive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria were new patients with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, treated at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya, aged 21 -60 years, does not have a severe mental disorder, can communicate verbally and is able to answer questionnaires. Measurements of anxiety, depression and stress (DASS-21), NLR, IL-1 were performed while the patient was admitted on days 0 th , 6 th , and 12 th . Spearman correlation test analysis to assess the relationship between DASS-21 scores and NLR and IL-1 scores, Mc Nemar's test comparison to assess differences in depression and stress on days 0 th and 6 th , Wilcoxon's signed rank test for differences in anxiety and IL-1 on days 0 th and 6 th , and paired t-test to assess differences in NLR on days 0 th and 6 th . As well as multivariate analysis to assess the effect of anxiety, depression, and stress on NLR and IL-1 . Results: From 38 research subjects, there were 29 subjects who dropped out after the 6 th day, 28 subjects experienced clinical improvement and underwent self-isolation at home, and 1 subject experienced worsening of symptoms so that it was difficult to conduct interviews. Most of the subjects (95%) had anxiety scores ranging from mild to very severe on day 0 th of treatment, but most had normal depression scores (86.8%), and normal stress scores (92.1%). There were differences in anxiety scores (0.016), and IL-1 levels (p=0.001) on the 6 th day. There were no differences in depression, stress, and NLR scores during the observation period 0 th and 6 th . In the multivariate analysis, there was no significant effect of anxiety, depression, and stress on NLR. Anxiety had an effect on IL-1 on the 6 th day of observation, with p=0.030; OR(95%CI) = 0.853 (0.738 -0.985). Conclusion: Anxiety affected IL-1 levels in mild-moderate COVID-19 patients on day 6 th , but had no effect on NLR on days 0 th and 6 th . Depression and stress had no effect on NLR or IL-1 of mild-moderate COVID-19 patients on days 0 th and 6 th .

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Perselingkuhan adalah pelanggaran sebuah kepercayaan, pengkhianatan sebuah hubungan, pemutusan sebuah kesepakatan. Faktor penyebabnya meliputi masalah dalam pernikahan, tujuan dari perselingkuhan itu sendiri, psikodinamika pelaku, kepribadian pelaku, dan perilaku seksual pelaku. Faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya perselingkuhan antara lain gender, usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, ekonomi, pandangan agama, budaya, dan lain-lain. Tipe perselingkuhan dapat berupa emosional, seksual dan campuran emosional dan seksual. Kontrol sosial akan berfungsi sebagai prevensi. Dampak perselingkuhan dalam bidang medis adalah penyebaran penyakit menular seksual seperti HIV, Herpes, Chlamydia dan Hepatitis serta adanya paternal discrepancy. Pada dampak psikologis akan mempengaruhi pelaku, pasangan bahkan anak. Hasil dari perselingkuhan akan berupa perceraian dan perbaikan keretakan (recovery).