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This work aims at evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of an endemic species of the central sahara: Myrtus nivellei Batt & Trab. The methanolic extract of this plant was extracted by Soxhlet apparatus and concentrated under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator.In the carrageenan-induced paw edema test, five different groups of mice were established and the extract was administered orally in three different doses. The dose of 400 mg/kg was able to reduce significantly the paw edema with a comparable effect to that observed with Diclofenac (positive control). This is the first report to demonstrate a significant anti-inflammatory activity of the methanolic extract prepared from Myrtus nivellei.

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Essential oil of Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus Coss & Dur (endemic), extracted from the seeds by hydrodistillation, was screened for its possible antimicrobial activity as well as its chemical composition. According to the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry analysis, 35 components were identified (98.23%), perillaldehyde (45.58%) and limonene (14.02%) being the major components. The antimicrobial test of the essential oil showed that Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 4.5 mg/ml) and Bacillus cereus (MIC = 9 mg/ml) were the most sensitive strains, followed by Candida krusei and Candida albicans (MIC = 18 mg/ml both).