Pomegranate peel rich in phenolics, and pomegranate seed which contain a conjugated fatty acid namely punicic acid in lipid fraction remain as by-products after processing the fruit into juice. Ice cream is poor in polyunsaturated fatty acids and phenolics, therefore, this study was conducted to improve the functional properties of ice cream by incorporating pomegranate peel phenolics and pomegranate seed oil. Incorporation of the peel phenolics into ice cream at the levels of 0.1% and 0.4% (w/w) resulted in significant changes in the pH, total acidity, and color of the samples. The most prominent outcomes of phenolic incorporation were sharp improvements in antioxidant and antidiabetic activities as well as the phenolic content of ice creams. Replacement of pomegranate seed oil by milk fat at the levels of 2.0% and 4.0% (w/w) increased the conjugated fatty acid content. However, perception of oxidized flavor increased with the additional seed oil. When one considers the functional and nutritional improvements in the enrichment of the ice cream together with overall acceptability results of the sensory analysis, then it follows from this study that ice creams enriched with pomegranate peel phenolics up to 0.4% (w/w) and pomegranate seed oil up to 2.0% (w/w) could be introduced to markets as functional ice cream. Enrichment of ice creams with pomegranate by-products might provide consumers health benefits with striking functional properties of punicalagins in pomegranate peel, and punicic acid in pomegranate seed oil.

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Under the title 'Management', it should be considered many things simultaneously such as time, money, manpower, machinery and equipment and their interactions. After that consideration, it should have also optimized them to improve the workflow, scheduling, resource usage etc. Well, it is not easy in the uncertain environment of construction sector, which has a many stakeholder, has long completion times and is highly dependent on the human labor. It is necessary to model this uncertainty. Most importantly, we need the probability data for these models. In this study a housing project consisting of 13 floors was analyzed, the completion times of 20 activities are given for each of these floors and the distribution of the duration of each activity implemented on each floor was obtained. Those activities are repeated 13 times by the same team and with the same equipment. According to that results, activities mainly fit the Logistic, Log Logistic, Lognormal and Weibull distribution. After determining that which distribution for the activities is best suited to our data, the real time data is adjusted to this distribution and the average completion time of this activity for this building is obtained. Based on the average completion time of each activity, the completion time of the entire building was obtained. The aim was getting the stochastic data from a real project to use in different management stage in future. Besides, the number of samples will also be increased and the deviations in the resulting distributions and their causes will be examined.

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