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Candida albicans forms persistent infections through the formation of biofilms that confer resistance to existing antifungal drugs. Biofilm targeting is therefore a promising strategy to combat Candida albicans infections. The WS 2 /ZnO nanohybrids exhibits considerably improved antibiofilm activity and inhibited the biofilm formation by 91%, which is quite better than that for pristine WS 2 , which is only 74%. The physical blend prepared by mixing WS 2 nanosheets and WS 2 /ZnO in the ratio of 70:30 showed an antibiofilm activity of 58%, which was intermediate to that observed for pristine materials. The as-synthesized nanohybrid also demonstrates dose-dependent antifungal activity as calculated using the disc diffusion test. WS 2 /ZnO nanohybrid shows 1.5 times higher activity compared to pristine WS 2 nanosheets suggesting that the nanohybrid materials are more effective as novel antifungal materials.

Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides and their composites with metal oxides showed promising applications for visible-light responsive photocatalysis. In this work, we have synthesized optically tunable MoS 2 •ZnO heterostructure to cover the longer wavelength range in the visible-light region. The optical band gap tuning of the wide band gap ZnO from 3.23 to 2.91 eV is successfully achieved via chemical exfoliation and microwave-assisted synthesis route using MoS 2 nanosheets. The synthetic heterostructured MoS 2 •ZnO was prepared to fabricate Si/MoS 2 •ZnO heterojunction diode, which exhibits diodelike characteristics with an excellent photoresponse behavior. A photoresponsivity of 212.2 mA/W, detectivity of 1.3 × 10 10 Jones, and response time of 200 ms was measured upon irradiation of 20 mW/cm 2 at a bias voltage of −2 V. The overall results show that they have potential for large area preparation of optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices.

The paper-based photodetector has recently captivated a great deal of attention in various optoelectronics applications because of facile, cost effective and green synthesis. Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides materials are promising for photodetection under the broad spectral range. In this work, we have fabricated paper-based device by rubbing the tungsten diselenide (WSe 2 ) crystals on paper substrate. Low-cost, facile and green synthesis technique was employed to make a high-performance paper-based WSe 2 photodetector. Paper-based photodetector was fabricated via non-toxic simply rubbing process of WSe 2 nanosheets on lowcost bio-degradable paper. The photodetector shows good responsivity of 72.5 μA W −1 and detectivity at around 2.4×10 7 Jones at very low bias (1.0 V) at wavelength of 780 nm, respectively. Due to good photo-absorption strength, photodetector exhibits excellent photoresponse over wide wavelength range from visible to near infrared. This device also shows very good flexibility with a stable photo-response. This device shows a general and reliable study for the design of photodetectors that is eco-friendly and cost-effective. Overall studied results of the fabricated device indicate that they have the ability to be used in large-scale preparation of the device.