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STAKA, G.; DISHA, M. & DRAGIDELLA, F. Cephalic and facial indices among Kosovo-Albanian Pupulation. Int. J. Morphol., 31(2):468-472, 2013.SUMMARY: Cephalic and facial indices are used to estimate the racial and sex differences. This study was carried out to establish standards for craniofacial variables and distribution of cephalic and facial indices in Kosovo -Albanian population. The study population consisted of 204 dental students (101 males and 103 females, aged 18 to 30). Four basic craniofacial variables (head length, head breadth, morphological face height and face breadth) were measured to obtained cephalic and facial indices. All measured craniofacial variables are considerably higher in males than in females (p<0.0001). In the Kosovo -Albanian population brachycephalic type of head (44.61 %) and hyperleptoprosopic type of face (63.34%) prevail. KEY WORDS: Cephalic index; Facial index; Brachycephalic; Hyperleptoprosopic; Kosovo-Albanian Population. the Dental School, Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, for participation, patience and support. STAKA, G.; DISHA, M. & DRAGIDELLA, F. Índices cefálico y facial en la población Kosovar-Albanesa. Int. J. Morphol., 31(2):468-472, 2013. RESUMEN:Los índices cefálicos y faciales se utilizan para estimar las diferencias raciales y de sexo. Este estudio se llevó a cabo para establecer estándares para las variables y la distribución de los índices cefálicos y faciales en la población de Kosovo-Albanesa. Se examinaron 204 estudiantes de odontología (101 hombres y 103 mujeres entre 18 y 30 años). Se midieron cuatro variables craneofaciales básicas (longitud de la cabeza, ancho de la cabeza, altura facial morfológica y ancho facial) para obtener los índices cefálicos y faciales. Todas las variables medidas craneofaciales fueron considerablemente más altas en los hombres que en las mujeres (p <0,0001). En la población Kosovo-Albania predomina la braquiocefalia (44,61%) y la hiperleptoprosopía (63,34%).

Aim: To describe the presence, frequency of attrition in permanent dentition of human skulls from two ancient archeological locations. Aims: To determine the rate of attrition using a specific quantitative and qualitative method. Methods: Twenty one human skulls from two ancient archeological necropolises (Vendenis and Municipium Dardanorum DD) were included in the analysis of samples for this study. A total of 498 teeth were present in all human skulls. The skulls (with their accompanying teeth) were then divided into groups according to locality of origin, age and sex. Macroscopic (observational) analysis of the teeth relied on inspection and exploration of the teeth in their totality. The classification system that was used to rate tooth wear was Tooth Wear Index (TWI). Statistical analysis used: Chi-test for small samples was used to evaluate the observations obtained from the study. Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis was not performed due to the small number of teeth and the content of zero values in respective age groups. Results: The results show that out of total 498 teeth, 89.35% had attrition and 10.65% had no attrition or Grade 0 TWI. 21.48% were Grade 1, 28.71% Grade 2, 26.90% Grade 3, 7.42% Grade 4 and 4.81% Grade 5. Conclusions: Grade 2 and higher rate of attrition, was predominantly present in first permanent molars.

The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) between patients with and without periodontitis. Methods: Clinical periodontal parameters were measured at six sites per tooth in seventy-five subjects with periodontitis and in thirty-five periodontally healthy subjects. The following periodontal parameters were evaluated: the L?e-Sillness gingival index (0 - 3), the Sillness-L?e dental plaque index (0 - 3), the probing depth (mm), the clinical attachment level (mm), the bleeding index and the tooth mobility index. The laboratory parameters that were included in this study were the levels of hs-CRP, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, which were all assessed via Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). Inter-group significance was determined with the statistical package R; specifically, we used the Student’s t-test, x²-test and Mann-Whitney test. Results: Concentrations of hs-CRP, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were lower in the control group than in the periodontal disease group. The concentrations of each protein (control group vs. periodontal disease group) were as follows: hs-CRP (0.5 ± 0.6 vs. 2.5 ± 2.6, respectively), IL-1β (2.1 ± 2.2 vs. 7.0 ± 11.6, respectively), IL-6 (1.9 ± 1.6 vs. 3.7 ± 4.4, respectively) and TNF-α (64.6 ± 72.3 vs. 80.0 ± 73.1, respectively). The differences between the groups showed statistical significance at p < 0.05. Conclusions: Periodontal disease was associated with increased circulating concentrations of hs-CRP, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α.

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