Using a sample of 1,590 purchases of stock by sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) in listed firms in 78 target countries between 1985 and 2011, we study the country‐level determinants of SWF cross‐border investment. We find that SWFs from countries with high levels of openness and economic development, but with less developed local capital markets, will make more cross‐country transactions, while target countries with higher levels of investor protection and more developed capital markets will attract more SWF investment. Our findings support the investment facilitation hypothesis, suggesting that SWFs act purely or principally as commercial investors facilitating cross‐border corporate investment.
Objective
Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) found NTN1, NOG and the region between CREBBP and ADCY9 were risks to non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). However, the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes with NSCL/P in Western China is unknown.
Subjects and Methods
We selected seven SNPs in NTN1, NOG and between CREBBP and ADCY9, and then performed transmission disequilibrium test (TDT), parent‐of‐origin effect and sliding window haplotype analysis to test the associations among 302 NSCL/P case–parent trios from Western Han Chinese.
Results
We found allele G at rs4791774 in NTN1 was significantly overtransmitted among non‐syndromic cleft lip only (NSCLO) (p = 0.0067, OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.17–2.74); rs4791774 and rs9915089 tightly linked with each other among NSCL/P (D′ = 0.87, r2 = 0.67) and haplotypes carrying the risk allele G at rs4791774 were always found to be overtransmitted from parents to cases. Motif analysis indicated that allele G at rs4791774 could greatly alter the affinity of Myc_disc7, so allele G at rs4791774 in NTN1 might modulate C‐MYC transcription to participate in the aetiology of NSCLO.
Conclusions
Our study suggested allele G at rs4791774 in NTN1 gene is risk of NSCLO, which could greatly increase the risk to have a baby with cleft.
We have implemented a magnetotelluric observation in the Nanling-Xuancheng Ore Concentration Area within the Middle-lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belts. The magnetotelluric data with 0.001-1000 s period was collected at 843 distinct sites, and all components are handled in the 3-D inversion of the observed dataset. We present the first detailed 3-D resistivity structure beneath the overlying sediment strata of the Nanling-Xuancheng Ore Concentration Area. The shallow parts of the inverted resistivity model fit well with surface geological information and the mineral deposit distribution, while the deep parts suggest a bulk of conductors exist beneath the southern boundary of the Xuancheng Basin. The presence of deep conductors implies an intense deformation and broken structure within this region. Moreover, the comparison with regional geological information, seismic reflection, and gravity data further strengthen this understanding. The study of the 3-D electrical structure is of particular importance for further exploration and research for this region and provides a reference for geophysical prospecting in other areas of the Middle-lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belts.
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