X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3) plays a critical role in homologous recombination repair (HRR) accounting for repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). Attention has been drawn upon the association of XRCC3 T241M polymorphism with glioma risk. The present meta-analysis aimed to examine whether XRCC3 T241M polymorphism was associated with glioma risk. Eligible articles were identified for the period up to March 2013. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were appropriately derived from fixed effects or random effects models. Eight case-control studies with a total of 3,455 glioma cases and 4,435 controls were included. Overall, no significant association between XRCC3 T241M polymorphism and glioma was found. In subgroup analysis, this polymorphism seemed to be associated with elevated glioma risk in Asians. No publication bias was detected. This meta-analysis suggested that XRCC3 T241M polymorphism did not confer glioma risk.

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to analyze the differences in imaging and clinical features between primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL) and secondary pulmonary lymphoma (SPL) to provide insight into pulmonary lymphoma for an improved clinical diagnosis. A retrospective study of 38 patients with pulmonary lymphoma (19 PPL and 19 SPL) treated between September 1, 2006, and December 31, 2015, was performed. The clinical manifestations, and computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-CT images of each case were collected. χ 2 and Fisher's exact tests were applied to assess statistically significant differences between PPL and SPL in terms of clinical and imaging features. The significant variables were further applied to canonical discriminate analysis. The CT results revealed that the occurrence of a >3-cm mass (P=0.007), peripheral location (lower than the segmental bronchi) (P=0.027), cavitation (P=0.008) and consolidation (P=0.027) were associated with PPL, while peripheral and hilar location (P=0.003) or mediastinal and hilar lymph node engagement (P=0.044) were predominantly observed in SPL. However, no significant differences between clinical manifestations and the maximum standard uptake value of pulmonary lesions in PPL and SPL were identified (all P>0.05). A function derived from discriminate analysis was generated that may predict the affiliation to PPL or SPL radiographically, with an overall accuracy of ≤92.1%. The results of the present study revealed that PPL and SPL exhibit distinctive features on CT images due to distinct molecular mechanisms and growth patterns. Careful observation of CT features may be useful in the diagnosis of PPL and SPL regarding the tumor morphology, location and lymph node involvement. IntroductionPulmonary lymphomas may occur as a primary pulmonary malignancy or a secondary manifestation derived from systemic lymphoma (1). Primary pulmonary lymphomas (PPLs) are defined as malignant lymphomas originating from pulmonary parenchyma or bronchi with or without hilar lymph node involvement, in the absence of tumor dissemination for ≥3 months after the diagnosis (2,3). Prevalence ranges between 0.5 and 1% of PPL malignancies and accounts for <1% of malignant lymphomas (4). The rarity of PPL may be attributed to pulmonary tissue containing less lymphoid tissue compared with other sites. The most common type of PPL is mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma (70-90%), with the remainder comprising a miscellaneous group that includes non-Hodgkin low-grade extra-nodal B-cell lymphoma (NHL-B), high-grade diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (5-20%), primary pulmonary Hodgkin's lymphoma and certain other extremely rare diseases (5-7). Secondary pulmonary lymphoma (SPL), which is more common than PPL, refers to a secondary involvement of the lung from a known extra-pulmonary lymphoma or dominant pulmonary lesion, with indolent primary extra-pulmonary lesions observed within 3 months (8).These two origins of pulmonary lymphoma distinguish themselves patho...

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