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Arrays of InP-based avalanche photodiodes operating at 1.06-μm wavelength in the Geiger mode have been fabricated in the 128x32 format. The arrays have been hermetically packaged with precision-aligned lenslet arrays, bump-bonded read-out integrated circuits, and thermoelectric coolers. With the array cooled to -20C and voltage biased so that optical cross-talk is small, the median photon detection efficiency is 23-25% and the median dark count rate is 2 kHz. With slightly higher voltage overbias, optical cross-talk increases but the photon detection efficiency increases to almost 30%. These values of photon detection efficiency include the optical coupling losses of the microlens array and package window.

The importance of lower cost while maintaining high performance of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) is growing with increased bandwidth demand. The uncooled 980-nm miniature dual-inline (Mini-DIL) pump laser is attractive for compact EDFA designs because it offers the advantages of lower cost, smaller footprint, minimal heat generation, and reduced electrical power consumption. In this paper, we report a low-cost uncooled Mini-DIL module designed for 980-nm pump lasers. A three-dimensional finite element analysis model effectively predicts module thermal and stress performance. Experimental results of module power and coupling efficiency stability over assembly processes are presented. A minimum optical output power of 150 mW is achieved in a group of 10 devices across a temperature range of 0 C to 70 C at a drive current of 350 mA with a 1.5-mm raised ridge InGaAs/AlGaAs single quantum well laser chip.Index Terms-Finite-element method, miniature dual-inline (Mini-DIL), semiconductor laser, uncooled laser.

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