In Nigeria, almost every tribe has several superstitious beliefs which, tend to affect their day to day behavior. The current work investigated the relationship of such beliefs with personality traits in the southeast geopolitical zone of the country [specifically Igbo land]. The researchers used the Big 5 personality Inventory (BFPI) and the Igbo Culture Superstitious Belief Scale. The internal consistency reliability of the ICSBS ranged from .30 to .67. A total of 250 participants [94 males and 156 females, between 25 and 53 years, with the mean age of 36.99 and standard deviation 5.89] participated in the study.  Multiple regression analysis was adopted. From the above result, openness to experience (Beta = .484, t=8.15, p<.05=.00) and Neuroticism (Beta = .391, t=6.36, p<.05=.00) had a significant correlation with superstitious belief, while Extraversion (Beta = .072, t=1.51, p<.05=.13), Agreeableness (Beta = .997, t=.98, p<.05=.33) and Conscientiousness (Beta = -.078, t=-1.60p<.05=.11).   This implies that only Neuroticism and Openness to Experience had significant relationship with superstitious beliefs. It was therefore recommended that further research be conducted to better understand the unique characteristics of the Igbo people.   Received: 20 October 2020 / Accepted: 5 May 2021 / Published: 17 May 2021

In both developed and developing societies, entrepreneurship is not only considered panacea to youth unemployment; it is regarded a vital strategy of economic growth and national development. In a developing society like Nigeria, studies have shown its importance in creating employment opportunities for the youth but such studies neglected the usefulness of Igbo business mentoring. Also, other studies have shown different strategies for starting enterprenurship but it has been observed that such studies ignored the Igbo business mentoring (nwa boy) in-spite of its reputation for raising entrepreneurs among youth in the South-East Geo-Political Zone of Nigeria. Given this, the present study, used data from secondary source to: (i) find out factors which predispose youth to engage in Igbo business mentoring (nwa boy); (ii) ascertain the differences between Igbo business mentoring (nwa boy) and other forms of apprenticeship; and (iii) investigate the contributions of the Igbo business mentoring (nwa boy) to small-scale enterprise, job creation and national development. Based on facts in the literature review, the study argued that Igbo business mentoring (nwa boy) has been promoting self-employment drive among youth in the region. It also maintained that it has been contributing to entrepreneurial activities in the zone and across Nigeria. Finally, the study averred that the scheme could become a veritable stratagem for addressing the problem of unemployment among youth if the government, at all level, could lend its support to it. With government support for the scheme, youth in other Geo-Political Zones of the country could engage in it so as to be self-employed and be free from the scourge of unemployment.

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The concept of social change could be considered an ever-constant phenomenon in human society. This is because virtually nothing has ever remained static since the advent of man and his society. Thus, issues surrounding social change have occupied the mind of scholars for many centuries. Consequently, its applicability to social life issues has gained prominence among authors across cultures. In spite of this, however, it appears the contribution of Ibn Khaldun to social change as it relates to Christian religion has not been adequately addressed in academic and the Christian literature, mostly from tertiary institutions in Africa. This inadequacy may have prevented the enrichment of the literature on social change and the Christian religion. The present article intends to address this flaw in knowledge. It tries to compare the ideas of Western scholars on social change with that of Ibn Khaldun and highlighted similarities and differences which could be used to corroborate or negate the existing literature and further research. Data from a secondary source was used in this article while content analysis served as the methodology. Further to that, the article analyzed areas of food for thought in the change that occurred in the Christian religion, using the West and Africa as a point of reference The article in its concluding remarks argued that Africans may be in control of Christian religion currently, but the likelihood of losing it in the nearest future could be very bright, judging from the escalation of corruption in the faith which Ibn Khaldun argues is usually responsible for a decay of every civilised region. The escalation of corruption has been responsible for the underdevelopment of the continent and needs to be dealt with to advance the continent.

In both developed and developing societies, entrepreneurship is not only considered panacea to youth unemployment; it is regarded a vital strategy of economic growth and national development. In a developing society like Nigeria, studies have shown its importance in creating employment opportunities for the youth but such studies neglected the usefulness of Igbo business mentoring. Also, other studies have shown different strategies for starting enterprenurship but it has been observed that such studies ignored the Igbo business mentoring (nwa boy) in-spite of its reputation for raising entrepreneurs among youth in the South-East Geo-Political Zone of Nigeria. Given this, the present study, used data from secondary source to: (i) find out factors which predispose youth to engage in Igbo business mentoring (nwa boy); (ii) ascertain the differences between Igbo business mentoring (nwa boy) and other forms of apprenticeship; and (iii) investigate the contributions of the Igbo business mentoring (nwa boy) to small-scale enterprise, job creation and national development. Based on facts in the literature review, the study argued that Igbo business mentoring (nwa boy) has been promoting self-employment drive among youth in the region. It also maintained that it has been contributing to entrepreneurial activities in the zone and across Nigeria. Finally, the study averred that the scheme could become a veritable stratagem for addressing the problem of unemployment among youth if the government, at all level, could lend its support to it. With government support for the scheme, youth in other Geo-Political Zones of the country could engage in it so as to be self-employed and be free from the scourge of unemployment.