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Aligning with a particular theoretical orientation or personal multi-theory integration is often a formidable task to entry-level counselors. A better understanding of how personal strengths and abilities fit with theoretical approaches may facilitate this process. To examine this connection, thirty-five mental health professionals completed a series of inventories to determine if passive counselors adhere to more nondirective, insight-oriented theories, while assertive counselors adhere to more directive, action-oriented approaches. Analyses revealed a significant difference between level of assertiveness and theoretical orientation, with action-oriented counselors demonstrating significantly higher levels of assertiveness than insight-oriented counselors. Implications for professional practice and counselor education are discussed.

This study intends to improve the empirical credibility of cinematherapy by measuring its effect on the level of hopelessness experienced by an adult diagnosed with Major Depression. Using a singlesubject interrupted time-series design, themes of positivism were highlighted during a 5-week group showing of the movie The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring. Data obtained during the treatment period were compared to 3-week baseline and posttreatment data (total of 11 weeks). Results suggest that a structured, nondirective group cinematherapy intervention is statistically and clinically effective at decreasing hopelessness.

Debugging a program can be viewed as performing queries and updates on a database that contains both program source and execution state information. This model of debugging simplifies a "'debugger" to a database interface for runtime information and allows the debugger to be easily integrated into a programming environment.We are currently designing a programming environment in which all program information is stored in a relational database system. This system will include debugging capabilities to provide the programmer a simple yet powerful mechanism for describing debugging requests.