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Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) is by far the most popular method to transfer energy wirelessly and has attracted considerable attention in recent times. The Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) has developed a standard (Qi) for low power consumer electronics, whereas, the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) is working on a standard (J2954) to charge Electric Vehicles (EVs) wirelessly. SAE's current efforts are only focused on transferring power to the vehicles at rest (static), whereas no work has been done so far on developing the standards for transferring power to the vehicles on the move (dynamic). This paper presents the magnetic design of an IPT system for a dynamic EV charging application, to continuously deliver a power of 15kW to an EV, along the direction of travel within the lateral misalignment of ±200mm. The experimental validation of system operation, however, was conducted at 5kW. The design aims at distributing the cost and complexity of the system between the primary and secondary side, while achieving a smooth power transfer profile. In addition, the system is designed to exploit the shielding effect provided by the vehicle, as the field generating components of the system are covered by the vehicle body under all operating conditions.

Bidirectional inductive power transfer (IPT) systems are attractive for applications such as electric vehicles and vehicleto-grid systems which preferably require "contactless" and two-way power transfer. However, in contrast to unidirectional IPT systems, bidirectional IPT systems require more sophisticated control strategies to control the power flow. An indispensible component of such control strategies is the robust and accurate synchronization between the primary-and pickup-side converters, without which the transfer of real power in any direction cannot be guaranteed. This paper proposes a novel technique that synchronizes converters on both the primary and pickup sides of bidirectional IPT systems. The technique uses an auxiliary winding, located on the pickup side, to produce a synchronizing signal which, in turn, can be utilized to regulate the real power flow. This paper also presents a mathematical model for the proposed technique and investigates its sensitivity for component tolerances. The viability of the technique, which is applicable to both single-and multiple-pickup IPT systems, is demonstrated through both simulations and experimental results of a 1-kW prototype bidirectional IPT system.

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