Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) is by far the most popular method to transfer energy wirelessly and has attracted considerable attention in recent times. The Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) has developed a standard (Qi) for low power consumer electronics, whereas, the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) is working on a standard (J2954) to charge Electric Vehicles (EVs) wirelessly. SAE's current efforts are only focused on transferring power to the vehicles at rest (static), whereas no work has been done so far on developing the standards for transferring power to the vehicles on the move (dynamic). This paper presents the magnetic design of an IPT system for a dynamic EV charging application, to continuously deliver a power of 15kW to an EV, along the direction of travel within the lateral misalignment of ±200mm. The experimental validation of system operation, however, was conducted at 5kW. The design aims at distributing the cost and complexity of the system between the primary and secondary side, while achieving a smooth power transfer profile. In addition, the system is designed to exploit the shielding effect provided by the vehicle, as the field generating components of the system are covered by the vehicle body under all operating conditions.
Resonant converters which use a small DC bus capacitor to achieve high power factor are desirable for low cost Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) applications but produce amplitude modulated waveforms which are then present on any coupled load. The modulated coupled voltage produces pulse currents which could be used for battery charging purposes. In order to understand the effects of such pulse charging, two Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) batteries underwent 2000 cycles of charge and discharging cycling utilizing both pulse and DC charging profiles. The cycling results show that such pulse charging is comparable to conventional DC charging and may be suitable for low cost battery charging applications without impacting battery life.I.
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