Effects of pulse and DC charging on lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO&lt;inf&gt;4&lt;/inf&gt;) batteries

Beh, Hui Zhi Zak; Covic, Grant A.; Boys, J.T.

doi:10.1109/ecce.2013.6646717

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, some researchers believed that this method causes mutual damage to batteries. 19,[34][35][36] Some of the above charging strategies are too conservative to realize fast charging, while others are too radical to pursue very short charging time, but the safety of the battery is ignored, and overcharge and other factors will lead to lithium plating in the battery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on half‐cell equivalent circuit model of lithium‐ion battery based on reference electrode

et al. 2020

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Summary Lithium‐ion battery accidents occur frequently, and thermal runaway accidents are common. Lithium plating may occur in batteries at different temperatures, state of charge (SOCs), charging rates, etc., and lithium plating at the anode is one of the important incentives for thermal runaway of batteries. The plating of lithium metal is closely related to the anode potential of the battery. In this paper, based on the anode potential sensor, the anode potential of the battery under various working conditions is detected in real‐time, and the direct anode equivalent circuit model (DAECM) and the indirect anode equivalent circuit model (IDAECM) are proposed. The DAECM directly estimates the anode potential based on identifying anode parameters. Therefore, the IDAECM is proposed to estimate the cathode potential directly based on cathode parameter identification, to estimate the anode potential indirectly. First, the high‐precision P2D model is used to simulate the cathode, anode, and full cell potentials under various working conditions. According to the 1/50C discharge rate test, the open circuit voltage (OCV)‐SOC curve of the cell is obtained. The NEDC conditions are used to identify the parameters of the model, and the values of each parameter of the two models under different SOCs are obtained. According to the parameter identification results above, the anode potential under multirate constant current charging (MRCC) test conditions is estimated. Based on the method above, the IDAECM model is suitable for estimating the anode potential in the early stage of fast charging with large rate constant current, while the DAECM model is suitable for the final stage of fast charging with small rate constant current.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on half‐cell equivalent circuit model of lithium‐ion battery based on reference electrode

et al. 2020

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“…Reference [17] and [18] compares battery capacity under DC charging and pulse charging with similar current waveform that this paper will use, and the difference is minor: 0.55% and -1.4%, respectively. Reference [19] shows an around 2 °C temperature rise due to increased RMS value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both(16) and(18) have dominant components at DC and two times the line frequency. Higher even-order frequencies are low in magnitude.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Active Bridge-Based Battery Charger for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle With Charging Current Containing Low Frequency Ripple

Xue

Shen

Boroyevich

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

334

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Manufacturers want high power density for the on-board battery chargers of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Wide bandgap devices can be used to shrink other passive components by increasing the switching frequency, but the bulk dc link capacitor of the ac-dc power factor correction stage, becomes one of the major barriers to higher power density, because its volume depends on the ripple power at the double line frequency in a dc current charging system. However, if this double line frequency ripple flows into the battery, the dc link capacitance can be significantly reduced. This charging scheme, named as sinusoidal charging in this paper, is analyzed and implemented based on a two-stage battery charging system, which is comprised of one full bridge ac-dc stage and one dual active bridge dc-dc stage. We further find that converter loss causes ripple power imbalance and bigger dc link capacitance. Therefore, the impact of converter loss on the ripple power balance is analyzed, and a feedback control on the dc link voltage ripple is proposed based on this analysis in order to further reduce the dc link capacitance. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions is verified in both Si-based and GaN-based charging systems

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“…Some research has demonstrated that pulse charging can increase the charging speed and extend the battery life 4,28 . However, this method is controversial because it is only suitable for certain batteries with specific material structures, while opposite results have been found with other types of batteries 29,30 . In short, it is difficult to tap a battery's full charging capability while ensuring charging safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium‐plating‐free fast charging of large‐format lithium‐ion batteries with reference electrodes

Liu

Chu

Li³

et al. 2021

Int J Energy Res

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Fast charging without lithium deposition has been one of the most important goals for commercial lithium-ion batteries. This study developed a fast charging strategy for a commercial large-format NCM/graphite lithium-ion battery with a nominal capacity of 120 Ah. Reliable reference electrodes, whose performances were thoroughly investigated with high fidelity, were implanted into the cells to provide anode potential signals during the charging process. The charging current was strictly modulated to maintain both the anode potential and temperature within the safety regions. The cell's full charging capability was exploited and twice the charging speed was realized using the proposed strategy compared with the manufacturer's fast charging strategy. Following the cycle life tests, an incremental capacity analysis and scanning electron microscopy tests were conducted to identify the degradation mechanism under fast charging. The results indicated that after the fast charging, the battery's decay rate was similar to that of a battery subjected to slow charging after 100 cycles, while no plated lithium was detected on the negative electrode. An electric vehicle (EV) could be driven 300 km after charging for 16 minutes without lithium deposition. It can be concluded that the proposed lithium-plating-free fast charging strategy has high battery applicability and manufacturer friendliness, and provides a new perspective on EV fast charging. Highlights • A method for developing a fast charging strategy for large-capacity lithium batteries is proposed. • The cell's full charging capability was exploited and twice the charging speed was realized using the proposed strategy compared with the manufacturer's fast charging strategy. • The battery's decay rate was similar to that of a battery subjected to slow charging after 100 cycles, while no plated lithium was detected on the negative electrode.

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Effects of pulse and DC charging on lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO<inf>4</inf>) batteries

Cited by 30 publications

References 14 publications

A study on half‐cell equivalent circuit model of lithium‐ion battery based on reference electrode

A study on half‐cell equivalent circuit model of lithium‐ion battery based on reference electrode

Dual Active Bridge-Based Battery Charger for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle With Charging Current Containing Low Frequency Ripple

Lithium‐plating‐free fast charging of large‐format lithium‐ion batteries with reference electrodes

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