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On the CoverA calibration technician in the Radiological Calibration and Standards Laboratory performing a bench-top calibration of an alpha-sensitive continuous air monitor. The laboratory calibrates over 15,000 radiation detection instruments a year.Torso calibration phantoms are used at the In Vivo Radioassay and Research Facility to calibrate lung counting systems.The shielded enclosure around the k-fluorescence x-ray machine provides a "clean" spectrum for performing nearly mono-energetic photon energy response testing of instruments and dosimeters. The researcher is setting up a horizontal angular dependence evaluation of finger ringer dosimeters.This document is intended to serve as a reference guide for PNNL staff and clients who desire technical information about the broad capabilities of the Radiation and Health Technology Laboratories. The document has been expanded and revised several times to add additional information as requested by its users. We welcome comments and suggestions for future revisions. SummaryThe Radiological Standards and Calibration Laboratory (RS&CL) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) provides a broad mix of calibration and testing services within a single organization. Its staff of over 50 individuals includes several nationally recognized leaders in the fields of dosimetry, performance testing, and radiological calibrations. The laboratory provides a unique mix of radiological and environmental testing and characterization facilities that give clients access to a broader variety of test capabilities than is typically available within a single laboratory. The organization performs instrument, radiological source, and dosimetry calibrations; maintains the reference standards necessary to trace the Hanford Site programs and other research-and quality-related programs to national standards; performs environmental effects testing on equipment and materials; performs non-destructive assay for special nuclear material; and performs in vivo assay of radioactive materials. This document describes the facilities and procedures used to accomplish this mission.The specialized facilities developed to support calibrations, dosimetry, in vivo bioassay, and instrument performance evaluations include the following:

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DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the q United States Government. Neither the United StatesGovernment nor any agency thereof, nor Battelle Memorial Institute, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any lesal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulnessof any information, apparatus, product, or processdisclosed, or represents that its usewould not infringe privately owned rishts. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process,or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recGmmendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or Battelle Memorial Institute. The views and opinions of authors expressedherein do not necessarily stateor reflect thoseof the United States Government or any agency thereof.

Program viii beryllium facility. A facility that is known to have beryllium contamination is referred to in this document as a beryllium facility and is included in the beryllium inventory. beryllium inventory. The beryllium inventory identifies all PNNL facilities and/or areas within facilities that are beryllium operational areas, areas suspected to have beryllium contamination, and areas where the potential for worker exposure to beryllium exists. Outdoor areas are not included in the beryllium inventory. The beryllium inventory includes the most recent beryllium characterization information for the facilities and/or areas. A facility may have one or more areas contaminated by beryllium, and the beryllium characterization may be limited to only those areas. Facilities included in the beryllium inventory are referred to as beryllium facilities. characterize/characterization. To characterize the beryllium contamination in a facility is to document beryllium-contaminated locations within the facility, and to quantify the beryllium surface contamination or airborne concentrations in those locations. wipe sample. In this report, a wipe sample is a surface sample taken over an area of 100 cm 2 . Results are reported by the analysis laboratory in units of micrograms. Because the sample area is 100 cm 2 , the analysis result can be compared to DOE limits, which are stated in micrograms per 100 cm 2 . Although 500-cm 2 composite wipe samples may be used at PNNL, composite samples were not used when establishing the baseline beryllium inventory. suspect facility. A facility that is suspected of having beryllium contamination is a suspect facility until it is characterized. Based on the results of the characterization, it may be added to the beryllium inventory. In practice, all suspect facilities were included in the baseline beryllium inventory, regardless of the sample results.