Summary Malaria is a key health problem among displaced populations in malariaendemic areas. Mass distribution of insecticide-treated bednets (ITN) to prevent malaria is often carried out in complex emergencies, but there are few data on the outcome or operational effectiveness of such programmes. In June 2001, Médecins Sans Frontières completed a mass distribution of ITNs (Permanet ® ) to internally displaced persons in Bundibugyo, southwest Uganda, distributing one to four nets per household, and aiming to provide coverage for all residents. In July 2002, we did a cross-sectional survey using three-stage cluster sampling to evaluate the programme. A total of 1245 individuals from 835 households were interviewed. An ITN was present in 75.6% (95% CI 72.7-78.5) of the households, but only 56.5% (95% CI 52.3-60.4) of individuals were sleeping under an ITN, and nets were often damaged. The prevalence of malarial parasitaemia was 11.2% (95% CI 9.4-13.0), and was significantly lower in ITN users compared to non-users (9.2% vs. 13.8%, relative risk [RR] 0.63, 95% CI 0.46-0.87); ITNs with severe damage remained effective (RR for severely damaged net 0.58, 95% CI 0.35-0.98). There was no significant difference in haemoglobin concentration between ITN users and non-users.

Los social media influyentes (SMIs) pueden ser definidos como un nuevo tipo de actores sociales independientes, con capacidad de influir en las actitudes de audiencias desde los medios sociales de Internet en competencia y cohabitación con los medios de comunicación profesionales. Poder identificar a los SMIs es crítico independientemente de los contenidos que circulen en el seno un sistema social en red. El Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS) es una potente herramienta para la representación de los modelos de difusión de la información. Los SMIs pueden ser identificados por su posición destacada en una red como los nodos con mayor centralidad. Los resultados permiten identificar la existencia de tres diferentes tipologías de SMIs: diseminadores, relacionales y líderes. La metodología presentada permite la optimización de los recursos en la creación de estrategias de comunicación más eficaces.

To assess the local efficacy of chloroquine for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria, children and adults from Sekong province (an area of Laos with a low intensity of transmission) were tested in a 28-day, in-vivo study. Complete data were collected from 88 of the 102 subjects enrolled between October 1999 and September 2000. After genotypic analysis to distinguish recrudescing infections from re-infections, 35 (39.7%, with a 95% confidence interval of 29.5%-50.7%) of these 88 patients were considered treatment failures. These results seriously question the use of chloroquine as the first-line treatment for P. falciparum malaria in the study area.

and educational professionals do not have to rely solely on formal support roles and institutions. Instead, they can draw on informal networks wherein they can share their ideas and collaboratively reflect on their practice (e.g., Fox and Wilson 2015). Even more so, scholars such as Rhodes (2000) propose a new, more dynamic network approach that focuses on the informal, horizontal communication between actors, highlighting their interdependence. This notion is supported by research suggesting that professional development can be fostered through social interactions, where individuals gain access to each other's resources, such as information, experience, and knowledge (Borgatti and Foster 2003;Bourdieu 1986;Coleman 1988;Lin 1999). Furthermore, Hattie ( 2013) found that teacher-driven activities, being conducted within collaborative communication networks, tend to be more effective than professional development interventions imposed by formally instated actors and institutions. Currently a growing number of studies of professional development and educational reform have begun to illustrate the importance of networks and social interactions among teachers and leaders in schools (e.g., Daly et al. 2010) as well as in the educational system in which these schools are embedded (Moolenaar et al. 2012). However, despite the recent surge of social media use, there is little empirical evidence about the way educators interact in educational networks online. This study aims to contribute to filling this empirical gap and focusing on better understanding the social interaction in this online informal network dimension.This study departs from the work of Richter et al. and defines formal learning as "structured learning environments with a specified curriculum" and informal learning as "not follow[ing] a specified curriculum and . . . not [being] restricted to certain environments" (2011, 117). García-Peñalvo et al. (2012) posited that MARTIN REHM works at the University of Education Weingarten, Germany. His research interests include informal learning, social capital, social media, and mixed-methods social network analysis.FRANK CORNELISSEN is an associate professor in the Department of Child Development and Education at the University of Amsterdam (the Netherlands) and an affiliated lecturer at the University of Cambridge (UK) who specializes in social network analysis, workplace learning, and educational change.

In this study, we examine a key issue for the sustainability of our welfare state: the patterns of consumption of generic drugs, the Internet, and healthcare social work. Taking the online context (netnography) as an object of ethnographic analysis, we analyze climates of opinion in relation to the consumption of generic drugs. We identify and analyze the linguistic framing and social discrediting of generic drugs via misinformation and the creation of risk perception to curb the social acceptability and consumption of these medicines in Spain. Based on the results obtained, we provide strategies that can be used by healthcare social workers.