The aim of this study was to compare the acute cardiometabolic and perceptual responses between local and whole-body passive heating. Using a water-perfused suit, ten recreationally active males underwent three 90 min conditions: heating of the legs with upper-body cooling (LBH), whole-body heating (WBH) and exposure to a thermoneutral temperature (CON). Blood samples were collected before and up to 3h post-session to assess inflammatory markers, while a 2h oral glucose tolerance test was initiated 1h post-session. Femoral artery shear rate and perceptual responses were recorded at regular intervals. The interleukin (IL)-6 incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was higher for LBH (1096±851 pg/mL*270min) and WBH (833±476 pg/mL*270min) compared with CON (565±325 pg/mL*270min; p<0.047). Glucose concentrations were higher after WBH compared with LBH and CON (p<0.046). Femoral artery shear rate was higher at the end of WBH (1713±409 L/min) compared with LBH (943±349 L/min; p<0.001), and higher in LBH than CON (661±222 L/min; p=0.002). Affect and thermal comfort were more negative during WBH compared with LBH and CON (p<0.010). In conclusion, local passive heating elevated shear rate and the IL-6 iAUC. However, while resulting in more positive perceptual responses, the majority of the included cardiometabolic markers were attenuated compared with WBH. The increase in the interleukin-6 incremental area under the curve in response to passive heating is not reduced by upper-body cooling. Novelty: • Upper-body cooling attenuates the plasma nitrite, interleukin-1ra and femoral artery shear rate response to passive heating. • Upper-body cooling leads to more positive perceptual responses to passive heating.

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) benchmarks significantly improved the capability of developing and comparing NAS methods while at the same time drastically reduced the computational overhead by providing meta-information about thousands of trained neural networks. However, tabular benchmarks have several drawbacks that can hinder fair comparisons and provide unreliable results. These usually focus on providing a small pool of operations in heavily constrained search spaces -usually cell-based neural networks with pre-defined outerskeletons. In this work, we conducted an empirical analysis of the widely used NAS-Bench-101, NAS-Bench-201 and TransNAS-Bench-101 benchmarks in terms of their generability and how different operations influence the performance of the generated architectures. We found that only a subset of the operation pool is required to generate architectures close to the upper-bound of the performance range. Also, the performance distribution is negatively skewed, having a higher density of architectures in the upper-bound range. We consistently found convolution layers to have the highest impact on the architecture's performance, and that specific combination of operations favors top-scoring architectures. These findings shed insights on the correct evaluation and comparison of NAS methods using NAS benchmarks, showing that directly searching on NAS-Bench-201, ImageNet16-120 and TransNAS-Bench-101 produces more reliable results than searching only on CIFAR-10. Furthermore, with this work we provide suggestions for future benchmark evaluations and design. The code used to conduct the evaluations is available at https://github.com/VascoLopes/NAS-Benchmark-Evaluation.

Upon first inspection of The New Border Wars, the reader is introduced at breakneck speed to the multitude of topic areas that Professor Dodds aims to address in this work and how they are all connected to those enigmatic objects known as ‘borders’. For the overwhelming majority of humanity, borders are far-away things, lines on a map. They appear to be naturally assumed boundaries that place people into categories of ‘us’, ‘them’ and ‘elsewhere’, with little impact on people’s everyday lives. It is this basic assumption that The New Border Wars breaks down, immediately showing the reader from the introduction that borders have always been malleable tools for the powers that be to use, and often abuse, for legal, political, and (more often in our world today) financial gains.

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As long as Rahadi Oesman Airport is operating, but until now it does not yet have Surface Level Heliport facilities for take-off landing helicopters, so helicopters often take-off landing in the Apron section. With the condition of the Apron pavement being inadequate to carry the helicopter, there was damage in the form of holes in the Apron pavement. To reduce this damage and for the sake of flight safety which is written in SKEP 77 of 2015, Rahadi Oesman Airport is required to provide a surface level heliport. This final project is designed to convey how to plan Surface Level Heliport with pavement thickness according to international standards (Federal Aviation Administration) through FAA and FAARFIELD Manual calculations and calculate PCN values using COMFAA Software. From the calculation results obtained, there are 13 cm thick concrete slab or surface and 11 cm subbase, and have PCN 9.4 and ACN 3.5 values based on the most critical aircraft, namely BELL 412 with a maximum weight of 11,900 lbs and volume results for surface level heliport planning of 43 × 43 × 0.24 m 3 .