The aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of individual trees in mixed seed lots, its implications in genetic variability in future plantations, as well as, the estimation of their seed and germination genetic parameters in 14 individual plus tree seed lots of Tectona grandis L.f. from commercial plantations in Córdoba (Colombia). A sample of 100 seeds/lot was used to estimate allometric variables and physiological parameters. The germination percentage (GP) registered wide dispersion values from 0 to 40%, while the allometric parameters maximum with and length (MW, ML), and with/length ratio (WLR), presented low variation. Among physiological parameters significative genetic correlations with values r G ≥ 0.91** were registered. Meanwhile, genetic correlations among allometric parameters were also significative but with lower values, r G ≤ 0.53**. High mean family heritabilities (h 2 ) ≥ 0.87 were registered in all investigated traits. These results show the typical situations in seed programs therefore, this information is important for the proper constitution of commercial mixed seed lots. This knowledge contributes to the planning of genetic conservation and genetic variability in plantations, as well as to the management of germplasm production units.
En el departamento de Córdoba (Colombia) se tiene proyectado sembrar 100.000 ha de especies forestales para el año 2025. Dentro de las especies recomendadas para esta zona, se encuentra la melina. El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la ganancia genética esperada (GG) en la selección de árboles plus en el Departamento de Córdoba. Se evaluó el diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP), altura comercial (ALCO), volumen comercial (VOLCO) y calidad del fuste (CALI). La selección se basó en la evaluación fenotípica del árbol candidato y sus cuatro mejores vecinos en un radio de 20 m. Los árboles seleccionados se clasificaron en lista A cuando superaron en volumen y calidad, con base en el diferencial de selección (S) y en lista B, cuando superaron en volumen o en calidad a todos sus vecinos. La GG se estimó mediante la fórmula: GG= S*h2, donde h2 es la heredabilidad en sentido estrecho promedio reportada. Se construyó un índice de selección (IS), que integró de forma ponderada el VOLCO (60%) con CALI (40%). De 57 árboles seleccionados, 35 fueron clasificados como plus A. Al seleccionar y clonar los 35 árboles A, se esperan ganancias genéticas de 4,95%; 15,47%; 36,65% y 34,25%, para el diámetro, altura comercial, volumen comercial y calidad del fuste, respectivamente. Los resultados sugieren un progreso genético importante de la melina en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia, siempre y cuando se amplíe la base genética y se compruebe los resultados mediante ensayos genéticos en varias zonas productoras potenciales.
Eggplants are of great importance in the Colombian Caribbean Coast for food sucurity, income and employment, health benefits and large export potential, but most of the genotypes planted are landraces and poorly bred. In Colombia no reportes about path analysis to improve selection for eggplant breeding exist. Twentyfour eggplant genotypes from different geographical origin were studied in the Corpoicas Research Center Turipaná (Cereté -Colombia), using a complete randomized block design with three replicates, with the objetive to determine the direct and indirect effects of yield components on the fruit production. The path analysis revealed that the number of fruits per plant, followed by fruit weight have a direct signifficant effect on fruit yield. Therefore, the simultaneous breeding of eggplant must considers these two characters as a physiological limit.
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