In the future, new solutions for active and reactive power control related to the flexibility services from distributed energy resources (DER) will be increasingly needed. One ancillary service which DER could provide is the reactive power flow management between DSO and TSO networks. This research aims to develop a reactive power controller from a preliminary algorithm to a light-weight IED for a wind turbine converter. The purpose of the controller is to maintain the reactive power flow of a medium voltage network within the limit settled by a transmission system operator. In his paper, the controller development stages are presented starting from the preliminary algorithm development by Simscape Power Systems to real hardware and testing it by Controller-Hardware-In-the-Loop simulations. The operation of the controller is investigated in the different development stages of the power network. The outcome is the development suggestions of the real-time simulation platform, as well as the discussion of further improvement possibilities of the controller.

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The traditional way to evaluate the system reliability or a probability of failure in the system is to use one of two basic approaches, direct analytical techniques or stochastic simulation. The emerging concept of Smart Grid requires advanced automation solutions for distributed electricity production and distribution. The automation system must fill the performance, availability and reliability requirements, including a probability of failure level under the specified limits. IEC61850 is a recent standard for electrical substation automation and it is also extended to the communication between substations. It provides interoperability in substation automation systems (SAS) consisting of devices by different vendors. This paper discusses about the evaluation of system reliability and the probability of failure existing in one protection intelligent electronic devices (IED), the evaluation of the general protection function and the breaker failure protection (BFP) function for practical small transmission substation T1-1. Different practical configurations are considered. A sequential Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the reliability and probability of failure. Comparison between analytical and simulation results is made by increasing the number of trails. Our result indicates how much the redundant ring architecture increases the reliability compared to the cascaded architecture. Applied Monte Carlo simulation method is also a flexible solution that has the ability to change, expand input data and include different parameters without a need to change the underlying software.

IEC61850 standard provides new kind of solution and offers efficient performance within a substation automation system (SAS). This efficiency has been introduced by means of exchanging real-time information, reducing life-cycle costs and interoperability. Measuring the transferring messaging latency and interoperability testing within the Substation Automation System (SAS) are crucial tasks that require special efforts based on several modern hardware and software tools have to be used. Since, these tasks are an important issue that must be realized by Power Utilities within the design and implementation of the SAS process. Therefore, this paper provides the analysis and the methodology for measuring the transferring messaging latency of the Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) within the SAS. Successful measurements for the transferring GOOSE messages latency within different case study scenarios have been achieved in which that illustrate the Device under test (DUT)s are compliant with the IEC 61850 criteria. Moreover it proves the interoperability concept that the DUTs subscribe to the GOOSE messages from the third party Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED). Tasks have been implemented using a round trip time measuring method.

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