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Scoliosis, being one of the most widespread spinal diseases among children, has been studied extensively throughout the history of medicine, yet there is no clear understanding of its initiating factors and the mechanogenesis of the monomorphic three-dimensional deformation due to its polyetiological nature. We present a novel mathematical model of the process of emergence of the three-dimensional deformation of the human spine based on variational principles. Typical scoliosis geometry is assumed to be described as minimal curves of a particular energy functional, which are shown to closely resemble actual scoliosis. We investigate the numerical properties of the first stage of scoliosis, which is shown to have the highest influence on the development of the disease.

Objectives. To study a role of the central nervous system (CNS) in development of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) and to reveal potential neurophysiologic mechanisms participating in this process. Material and Methods. Electroencephalography (EEG) has been applied to examine patients with IS. For the first time the received data were processed by a mathematical method which allowed to establish the temporal organization of basic brain rhythm formation (α, β, θ). Results. Variants of deviations in functioning of basal structures of the brain and its trunk distinctive for sluggish and rapid progressing forms of IS are revealed. Theoretical description of pathogenetic links of idiopathic three-plane spine deformity formation is suggested. It is proved that a basic condition for its development is a disturbance in longitudinal growth conjugation of the spine bone structures and the spinal cord, which demands certain compensating reactions. Conclusion. Long-term uncontrolled asymmetric change in paravertebral muscle tone is a key link in a clinical formation of IS.