We report an unusual case of choroidal neovascularization secondary to intraocular foreign body (IOFB) penetrating trauma. A 44-year-old man was referred to our department for IOFB trauma in the right eye. Vitrectomy and IOFB extraction was performed with good visual results. However, 2 months after surgery, he returned complaining of a drop in visual acuity. Choroidal neovascularization originating from a direct choroidal rupture at the IOFB impact site was observed. The patient was treated with 6-monthly intravitreal injections of antivascular endothelial growth factor, and showed regression of neovascularization and a final visual acuity of 20/80. IOFB trauma is a serious condition, indeed in spite of initially good results after a favorable surgical outcome. Choroidal neovascularization after direct traumatic choroidal rupture is usually aggressive and requires more active antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

Purpose: To analyze the impact of the depth of implantation of intracorneal ring segments on morphological, biomechanical, and clinical outcomes in ectatic corneas. Methods: This prospective longitudinal study enrolled 40 eyes of 29 patients (age 20–51 years) with corneal ectasia that underwent intracorneal ring segments implantation (KeraRing, Mediphacos). Changes in visual acuity, refraction, corneal tomography, and corneal biomechanics (Ocular Response Analyzer, Reichert) were evaluated during a 6 month follow-up. Likewise, changes in ring segment implantation depth measured by optical coherence tomography (Visante OCT, Carl Zeiss Meditec) were also evaluated. Results: Mean relative depth of implantation was 71.6 ± 5.8%, 71.5 ± 6.5%, and 71.9 ± 6.3% at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, respectively (p = 0.827). The difference between the real relative depth of implantation and the theoretical attempted value of 70% was not statistically significant (p = 0.072). Differences in spherical equivalent during the follow-up changed significantly depending on the level of relative depth of implantation (p = 0.036), with an increase of 0.114 D per each 1% increase in relative depth of implantation. Likewise, a decrease of –0.194 D in the steepest keratometric reading was found per each decrease of 1% in relative depth of implantation (p = 0.026). Changes in corneal thickness (p = 0.092) and biomechanics (p = 0.080) were not related to relative depth of implantation. Conclusion: The effect on visual acuity and refraction of intracorneal ring segments when implanted in corneal ectasia is less clinically relevant when the implantation is done at a very deep plane. The variability of the depth of intracorneal ring segments implantation when using femtosecond laser technology is minimal and with no clinically significant effect on clinical outcomes.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the visual, refractive, topographic, and aberrometric outcomes after intracorneal ring segments (ICRS) implantation in adolescent patients with keratoconus. METHODS: A retrospective longitudinal study was undertaken with a total of 61 eyes from 47 patients with keratoconus, aged between 13 and 18 years, implanted with a Ferrara-type ICRS. Topography (flattest keratometry, steepest keratometry, and asphericity), uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refractive error (sphere and cylinder), and aberrometric measurements (spherical aberration and vertical coma) were evaluated before surgery and at 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery. RESULTS: UDVA exhibited a statistically significant increase at all times from 1 month to 2 years postoperatively ( P < .001), whereas CDVA showed a statistically significant improvement at 1 month, 6 months, and 2 years ( P < .002), but dropped in significance at 1 year postoperatively ( P = .097). The refractive error analysis showed no variation in statistical significance in the sphere ( P = .712) after 2 years. The cylinder presented a statistically significant decrease in diopters at all times from preoperatively to 2 years postoperatively ( P < .007). Steepest keratometry manifested a statistically significant decrease in steepness at all times after surgery ( P < .001), whereas flattest keratometry lost significance at 1 year ( P = .298) and 2 years ( P = .053) postoperatively. There was no statistically significant change in the spherical aberration at any of the measured times. The vertical coma was only significantly different at 2 years postoperatively ( P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: ICRS implantation is a safe and effective treatment for improving visual and corneal morphological parameters as shown at 2 years of follow-up in adolescent patients with keratoconus. It is a good option to flatten and regularize the cornea and to temporarily improve the quality of life of young patients and delay the need for keratoplasty. [ J Refract Surg . 2021;37(2):91–97.]

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