This paper formulates and solves a multivariate problem related to modeling the logistics of war reserve stockpiling for successful combat operations in the armed conflict area. The relevance of the study is related to a comprehensive solution to the problem of war reserve stockpiling to fulfill the objectives of a military operation, considering the capabilities of materiel suppliers, complex logistics of war materiel transportation to armed conflict areas, and military threats arising from the martial law in the country. The study creates a set of models that allow: prioritizing war materiel types for reserve stockpiling; formulating requirements for the size of reserves; selection of a rational structure of logistics supply chain, considering the risks of military threats; ensuring the success of combat operations in the armed conflict area. The article analyzes the existing problems of war reserve stockpiling under martial law, which arose due to: the variety of war materiel; small supply batches; different materiel manufacturers and suppliers located at a great distance from the armed conflict area; heterogeneous transport environment of supply; risks associated with military threats during war materiel reserve stockpiling. A method of presenting the importance of certain war materiel types for supply to the armed conflict area is proposed, considering the combat capability of individual weapons and assessments of military experts. The requirements for the amount of war materiel reserve in the interval representation, from the minimum to the maximum value of the inventory, have been formed. The minimum war materiel reserve to be used in the armed conflict area provides the necessary parity of military forces. Simultaneously, the nature of hostilities does not change, but the risks associated with the enemy's actions to destroy the war materiel reserve (war of reserves) may manifest themselves. The maximum war materiel reserve provides confidence in achieving the objectives of a military operation in the armed conflict area, but is difficult to implement due to the limited capabilities of weapons and materiel suppliers and existing military threats. An optimization model for the war reserve stockpiling was created, considering the limited capabilities of suppliers, permissible time for reserve stockpiling, and the risks that may arise from military threats and their impact on the logistics of war materiel supply (war of logistics). An optimization model for the war reserve stockpiling was developed, considering the combat capability of certain types of weapons, which makes it possible to create asymmetry in the military parity of forces due to the increased combat characteristics of modern weapons (quality over quantity). Due to the multitude of materiel manufacturers (possible suppliers) and various variants for the formation of supply chain, the task of enumeration of possible variants for the composition and structures of the logistics supply chain for war reserve stockpiling was formed and solved. The number of warehouse variants and logistics supply chain structures is estimated using the methods of enumeration theory, and a set of variants is formed for subsequent comparison and selection of a rational option. An optimization model for the formation of logistics links in the supply chain was created to form the necessary war reserve stocks in the armed conflict area. The example of HIMARS MLRS stockpiling illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach for successful combat operations in the armed conflict area, using both quantitative and qualitative assessments when comparing possible stockpiling variants. The scientific novelty of the study is related to the development of a set of original optimization models, models of the variant enumeration for the structures of the logistics supply chain, which allows scientifically sound formulation of requirements for the size of the war reserve stock for successful fulfillment of the objectives of a military operation in the armed conflict area, considering the capabilities of materiel suppliers, long supply chains in a heterogeneous transport environment, short delivery time, and the risks of military threats. It is advisable to use the results of the study for planning war reserve stock, for their effective use in the combat zone, justifying the composition of materiel manufacturers and suppliers, forming a logistics supply chain, which will ensure the success of combat operations in the armed conflict area.

The problem of multivariate nature is formed and solved, which is related to the modeling of logistics actions regarding various military equipment and weapons that enter the zone of military conflict. The relevance of the research is related to the comprehensive solution to the problem of the logistical nature of the supply and mastering modern various weapons by the military to create parity of forces in the military conflict zone. The current study creates a complex of logistic methods and models that allow analyzing training of the military, supply of weapons, ammunition and spare parts to the zone of military conflict, for the successful implementation of the goals of the military operation. This article analyzes the problem of using modern and diverse military equipment, which needs to be solved by systematically presenting military training in logistics, supplying various weapons from various manufacturers to the area of combat operations. The optimization model has been created to select and justify the composition of suppliers of weapons, spare parts and ammunition, in the context of risks that arise in the production and transportation of military cargo in a heterogeneous transport network. Optimization is performed in conditions of conflicting criteria: the number of new weapons; time and costs for the production and supply of military equipment; logistical risks. To study dynamic processes in the logistics of supplying weapons, spare parts and ammunition, a model has been created that allows, with the help of simulation agents, the investigation of the paths of movement of military cargo under the conditions of military threats and possible excitation of critical vulnerabilities in the heterogeneous transport supply network. An algorithm for forming the optimal delivery route at the minimum time under risks has been developed. Simulation modeling is used to estimate the movement time of military cargo, delays in supply, accumulation of risks in cargo transportation, consequences of threats and vulnerabilities in supply logistics, etc. This study examines the process of training the military by mastering new competencies for the use of various modern weapons in combat conditions. Simultaneously, the short terms of training of military personnel and the logistics of their transportation to training centers are considered subject to the threats and risks of wartime. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is ensured by a systematic representation of the logistics of supplying various weapons, spare parts and ammunition to the conflict zone, and a comprehensive solution to the research tasks set. The scientific novelty of the conducted research is associated with the development of new methods and models based on system analysis. The following methods were used: simulation modeling, models for optimizing, competence model for acquiring new knowledge by the military personnel. The results of the study should be used to select and justify suppliers of new diverse weapons and military equipment, train the military to use modern kinds and types of weapons, plan routes and schedules for the supply of military cargo to the area of combat operations, in conditions of wartime threats.

У статті розглядаються проблемні аспекти та критичні ситуації концептуального характеру, що виникають на сучасному  етапі розвитку збройних сил та їх систем озброєння. Проводиться аналіз передового досвіду провідних країн світу для  розв'язання тупикових ситуацій, які стримують подальший розвиток та застосування високотехнологічних і наукомістких  складних систем і технологій військового призначення.Виходячи з положень національних воєнних стратегій і коаліційних стратегій союзних країн сформульовані питання  інноваційного розвитку збройних сил та їх систем озброєння з урахуванням прогнозованих ресурсних обмежень. Наводяться приклади подальшого розвитку озброєння та військової техніки (ОВТ) за деякими напрямками, такими, як безпілотні літальні апарати і пілотовані літаки, а також за інноваційними пропозиціями щодо розвитку ОВТ і проблем-них питань, трансформації відповідних ключових і керівних документів, формування низки інтегруючих концепцій, ролі науково-технічного і технологічного набутку в рамках підготовки до ведення війн нового типу.

The multi-criteria task related to the simulation of transport logistics for the delivery of military cargo to the war zone in the conditions of delays and risks is stated and solved. The relevance of the study is related to the analysis of possible losses in the war zone (loss of armed forces, damage and destruction of military equipment, change in hostilities from offensive to defensive, etc.) due to the delayed supply of weapons and military equipment. The study simulates the logistics of transportation in the diverse transport networks to ensure timely delivery of military cargo in the conditions of possible delays and risks that affect the amount of damage in the war zone. Given the complex dynamics of military cargo delivery related to heterogeneity and transshipment in the transport network, the original agent simulation model has been created. This model makes it possible to study the supply process and allows to assess delays, risks and losses. A new algorithm to minimize the delivery time of military cargo, based on the distribution of request clones in a graph representing a heterogeneous transport network is presented. An algorithm to minimize supply risks in wartime that considers long logistics chains for transporting military cargo to the war zone is presented. We study the losses caused by the untimely arrival of various types of military equipment and weapons in the war zone, based on full factorial experiments and the assessments of military experts in the field of military logistics are conducted. Given the contradictions of the criteria of delays, risks and losses, the multi-criteria problem of compromise search optimization based on integer (Boolean) programming is stated and solved. The efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated by simulating military cargo supply to the war zone. Alternative supply routes, risks and losses due to delays in supply are analyzed. The choice of the compromise alternative of military cargo delivery route to the war zone is substantiated. The scientific novelty of the study is related to the development of methods and models based on agent simulation, experimental theory and integer optimization, that makes it possible to estimate the delays and losses in the supply of military cargo to the war zone in long logistics chains of diverse transport network. The results of the study can be used to build the optimal routes to supply military cargo in wartime.