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In recent decades, there has been a growing attention toward using teamwork and the commitment and productivity of teams to improve the quality of education and research in higher education institutes. To achieve these goals, the leadership style of team leaders and group organizational citizenship behavior (GOCB) of team members who exceed their formal roles are of high importance. This article explores the effects of shared leadership on group commitment and productivity of 70 university teams. It also investigates whether GOCB mediates the effect of shared leadership on team commitment and productivity. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and SmartPLS software are applied to investigate the relationship between variables. The results show that shared leadership has both direct and indirect (through GOCB) effects on team commitment and productivity. Shared leadership affects GOCB, team commitment, and team productivity. Furthermore, GOCB affects team commitment and team productivity.

Many countries have tried to establish free zones in order to strengthen the competitive advantage of their local companies in global competition. Judging the role of free zones in the performance of companies without analyzing the relevant institutional factors can be confusing, especially in countries like Iran where the government extensively intervenes in the economy. In such economies, institutional factors (institutional support, political relationship, and legitimacy) coupled with resources (financial, human and physical resources) can be more effective at addressing companies' performance. Using the resource-based view (RBV) and institutional theory, this paper surveyed 151 companies located in the Anzali Free Trade and Industrial Zone (AFTIZ). The results show that the resources have a positive impact on the firms' competitive advantage and performance. While institutional factors strengthen the resources, they do not moderate the relationship among resources, competitive advantage, and performance.

The methods for the management and leadership of educational and research organizations has always been a question of some researchers. With the emergence of the strategic management in educational organizations, different views were raised about the management of these institutions whether it is possible to apply issues related to the business and educational administration field. They both agree on the difference between educational environment and business environment. This difference leads to different research areas which one of them is the managers' educational leadership style. Regarding to the educational research centers' management, strategic leadership is one of leadership styles. This paper examined the effect of this leadership style on empowerment and job satisfaction of employees of Guilan University. The statistical population of the study consisted of 235 employees of Guilan University. Smart PLS software and Structural Equation Modeling were used for data analysis. The results showed that the style of strategic leadership and employee empowerment had a significant positive effect on job satisfaction.

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