Periodontal disease is the most common infectious disease that occurs in feline patients. Although it occurs in both sexes, different age groups, and any breeds, the prevalence and severity seem much higher in cats living in animal shelters. This paper aimed to describe the clinical, radiological, cytopathological, and virological aspects of periodontal disease and its complications in cats, based on these aspects and, consequently, on the importance it brings to cat feline medicine in shelter cats. For this, nine cats with periodontal disease from a single animal shelter were evaluated. These cats demonstrated a disease characterized by halitosis, excessive salivation, and oral discomfort. Lymphadenomegaly of the mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes was observed in 44.4% of the cases. Oral lesions consisted of varying degrees of gingival hyperemia, complete loss of free gingival margins, and consequently gingival retraction, dental calculus deposition, dental mobility, complete exposure of the furcation of premolars and molars, and dental roots of canines and incisors, loss of bone radiopacity due to alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Complications included chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis (22.2%), faucitis (22.2%), and chronic gingivostomatitis (11.1%). None of the cats affected by periodontal disease was positive for FIV or FeLV. In 33.3% of the cases, cats were carriers of feline calicivirus, but not feline herpesvirus.
Background: Skin tumors are the most common neoplasia in veterinary medicine and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most frequent. In cattle, it is the main tumor besides linfosarcoma and normally affects taurine cattle, but is rare in Nelore cattle. SCC mainly affects mucocutaneous junctions such as the eyelids, sclera, vulva, and perineum, and has already been described in vagina, eye, and periocular tissues, in addition to the superior digestive tract. The purpose of this paper is to describe a vaginal squamous cell carcinoma in a Nelore cow. Case: A 10-year-old Nelore cow, used as an embryo donor, was submitted to a necropsy procedure. Clinically, the animal had prolonged recumbency, anorexia, weight loss, and vaginal discharge. There was a history of recurrent vaginal prolapses and an intraluminal vaginal mass that had grown over two years. At necropsy, there was diffuse fibrinous peritonitis with marked intestinal adhesions; the vagina was markedly expanded and measured 40 × 20 cm due to the presence of an intraluminal mass occupying the vestibulum and extending up to the cervix. In the vaginal lumen, there was large amount of fibrinonecrotizing malodorous material; the vaginal wall was thickened by an unencapsulated and poorly delimited, firm and white mass composed of sheets and nests of epithelial cells from the squamous layer surrounded by abundant fibrovascular stroma. The neoplastic cells were polygonal with marked pleomorphism, anisokaryosis, and anisocytosis; abundant eosinophilic and well-defined cytoplasmic borders. Sometimes it was possible to see desmosomes. The nuclei were rounded to oval with sparse chromatin and one or more nucleoli were seen. Mitotic figures were frequent (at least 3 per higher power field) and there were also a few multinucleated cells. Frequently, there was the formation of distinct keratin "pearls". Discussion: SCC frequently occurs in the skin, eyes, and vulva in cattle, since these are sites that lack pigment within the epidermis and have prolonged exposed to ultraviolet light. Vaginal SCC has already been described in one cow with recurrent vaginal prolapses that was submitted to follicular aspiration. In a survey of cattle tumors, most genital tract neoplasias affected the uterus, and vaginal tumors normally originated from connective tissue -fibromas, fibropapillomas, and fibrosarcoma -or muscular tissue -leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma. Irreversible changes in cellular DNA can occur due to physical or chemical carcinogens, and also chronic inflammation. The cow in this paper was frequently submitted to follicular aspiration and this can cause chronic inflammation in the vaginal mucosa after the puncture and, when it's chronic, can represent one of the main initiating factors for tumor development. This cow's death was caused by diffuse and marked peritonitis. The same cause was previously described in cows submitted to follicular aspiration and, in one of these animals, there was a rectal perforation caused by mistakes during the procedure. In this animal, we did not...
Epidermoid cysts, also known as epidermal and keratin cysts, or congenital cholesteatomas are benign congenital non-neoplastic tumors, rarely observed in the brain of humans and some animal species (dogs, horses, mice, and rats). Histologically, they are composed of laminated, concentrically arranged keratin surrounded by a thin layer of stratified squamous epithelium. We describe a case of intracranial epidermoid cyst in a 6-year-old mixed-breed male cat in southern Brazil. The patient presented central vestibular syndrome. Given the poor prognosis and the fact that it belonged to a shelter with many dogs and cats, the owner requested euthanasia, and a thorough post-mortem examination was conducted immediately after death. The definitive diagnosis was based on histopathological findings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an intracranial epidermoid cyst in a cat.
Neoplasmas primários do sistema urinário são incomuns em cães e gatos. Quando acometem os rins, o carcinoma é o mais comum nos cães e o linfoma nos gatos. Neoplasmas ureterais primários são raros nos cães e não existe relatos em gatos. O principal neoplasma vesical primário descrito em cães e gatos é o carcinoma de células de transição; porém, é mais frequente em cães. Neoplasmas uretrais ocorrem raramente e quando diagnosticados normalmente são amplificações de neoplasmas prostáticos ou de vesícula urinária. Com a finalidade de auxiliar no diagnóstico e na conduta médica para as duas espécies, esse trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar uma revisão de literatura com os principais neoplasmas de ocorrência no sistema urinário que afetam cães e gatos. Apesar destas alterações serem infrequentes na rotina veterinária, é necessário um diagnóstico precoce para melhor prognóstico dos pacientes.
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