Totalna aloartoplastika kolena spada u najčešće i najopsežnije intervencije u ortopedskoj hirurgiji i udružena je sa mnogim komplikacijama. Von Willebrandova bolest nastaje zbog disfunkcije ili nedostatka vW faktora, a kao posledica se javlja smanjena sposobnost hemostaze na primarnom nivou koagulacije krvi. Dijagnozu i težinu bolesti određujemo vrednostima laboratorijskih analiza fVIII, vWfAc, vWfAg. Shodno ovim vrednostima, terapijska kontrola bolesti se vrši koncetratima vWf/fVIII, intravenskim putem. Prikaz slučaja: Prikazan je slučaj bolesnice stare 46 godina sa teškim (tip 3) oblikom vW bolesti i HIV infekcijom. Kod nje je planirana elektivna aloartroplastika kolena. Nakon prijema na IOHB, konzilijarni tim je utvrdio tačan plan lečenja i kontrolu stanja osnovnih bolesti kod pacijentkinje. Izvršena je preoperativna kontrola specifičnih laboratorijskih analiza, fVIII, vWfAc, a zatim planska nadoknada vWf/fVIII koncetrata u preoperativnom, intra i postoperativnom periodu. Intervencija je izvedena u uslovima opšte anestezije, sa pažljivom kontrolom perioperativnog krvarenja, antifibrinoliticima i Turnike poveskom. U postoperativnom periodu je izvršena antibiotska profilaksa cefalosporinima, antiretrovirusna terapija, analgetska terapija opioidima i paracetamolom po šemi. Antikoagulantna terapija je sprovedena IPC pumpom (aparatom za stimulaciju periferne cirkulacije). Šestog postoperativnog dana, bolesnica je prevedena na hematološku kliniku KCS radi dalje kontrole osnovne bolesti. Zaključak: Organizovan tim stručnjaka, izrada plana lečenja i sprovođenje istog prevenira nastanak komplikacija ili ih blagovremeno otklanja.
Ultrasound is an essential and often initial visualization diagnostic procedure in all algorithms for urgent care of acute abdominal conditions. Ultrasound is a fast, accessible, non-invasive diagnostic examination method that does not involve ionizing radiation and can be repeated. It is vital in detecting free fluid in the abdominal cavity, acute pathological conditions of parenchymal and hollow organs, and assessing volemic status. Ultrasound efficiently and accurately diagnoses acute pathological conditions of the hepatobiliary and urogenital system. It certainly makes a significant contribution to the definitive diagnosis of pathological conditions of the gastrointestinal and vascular systems and can help detect pneumoperitoneum as an indication for urgent surgical treatment.
Clearly defined protocols and multidisciplinary approach present a milestone for patients' condition evaluation. Ultrasound is a fast, accessible, non-invasive and repeatable radiological examination and has an important place in the trauma algorithms. It detects trauma of parenchymal and hollow abdominal organs, hematoperitoneum, and helps in the assessment of volume status. Ultrasound in trauma is performed according to the Focused Assessment with Sonography for the Trauma (FAST) protocol or as a standard ultrasonographic examination of the abdomen and can be repeated to monitor morphological changes due to indications for emergency surgical treatment.
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