Soil structure is an important physical property of soil and has a great impact on the environment and agriculture. Dry aggregate size distribution and related soil structure indices are essential parameters in understanding the structural state of the soil. This study was conducted to determine the effects of different soil types and land uses on structure parameters and to relate them to selected soil properties. The investigation was performed on five soil types (Arenosols, Fluvisols, Chernozems, Gleysols and Solonetz), each from three different locations and under three different land uses (cropland, meadow and forest), so that a total of 135 undisturbed soil samples were collected. Dry sieving analysis was performed to obtain eight aggregate size classes (ASCs) (>10, 10-5, 5-3, 3-2, 2-1, 1-0.5, 0.5-0.25 and <0.25mm). The results suggest a highly significant impact of soil type on all ASCs and structure indices. Land use has a highly significant impact on the >10, 5-3 and 3-2 mm ASCs. Chernozems and Gleysols have more favorable structure than Arenosols, Fluvisols and Solonetz. Long term cultivation leads to the deterioration of soil structure and the formation of clods. Forest soils have a significantly better structure than soils under meadows and croplands. The application of principal component analysis and regression models identifies water retention at -33 kPa, bulk density and pH value as for the most important factors in predicting dMWD and dGMD.

The paper presents the results of experiments with 11 varieties of wheat grown in alkaline soil stressful conditions. The experiment was set up at the site in the Banat, on the non-ameliorated solonetz soil, as control variante, and with ameliorative measures using phosphogypsum. The phenotypic variability and genotype by environment interaction for the grain number and weight per spike, using AMMI model in three vegetation seasons were studied. The analysis of the results revealed that the tested varieties responded differently to external, stressful conditions and ameliorative measures. Based on the AMMI analysis results the significance of PCA axis was observed

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Variability and stability of yield components for the large number of divergent common wheat genotypes originated in different world breeding institutions were studied. Interaction genotype x environment has been evaluated, in different environmental conditions. The experiment was performed using randomized block design in three replications on the experimental field in different environmental conditions. A total number of 60 plants have been analyzed in the full maturity stage. The analyzed cultivars showed very significant differences in the average values of analyzed traits. The significant influence of cultivars, year and their interaction on expression of traits was found. The effects of each of analyzed traits on phenotypic variability were different. The most stable genotypes have been determined for analyzed yield component. On the base of stability and phenotypic variability the genotypes can be used as parents in wheat breeding programs

Phenotypic variability of the number and grain weight per spike, as well as the spike length of wheat varieties NSR-5, Evropa 90 and Pobeda creation of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad was studied. The trial was conducted at the village Kumane locality in Banat on solonetz soil. Control and two levels of amelioration (25t/ha and 50t/ha of phosphor gypsum) in three vegetation periods were followed. The variety Evropa 90 exhibited maximal values of all examined spike traits in all years of study. Significant value of the first PCA was denoted for the grain number and the grain weight per spike, using AMMI model