Objectives: This study examined the effects of paternal and maternal helicopter parenting on depression in female emerging adults by focusing on the mediating roles of adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism. Methods: Participants included 305 female college students and graduates. They completed questionnaires regarding helicopter parenting, perfectionism, and depression. Results: Maternal helicopter parenting had a direct effect on depression. While adaptive perfectionism played no mediating role in this relationship, maladaptive perfectionism did. Paternal helicopter parenting showed no direct effect on depression, and perfectionism did not play any mediating role in this relationship. Conclusions: The present findings confirmed that depression in female adult children in emerging adulthood could be significantly affected by maternal helicopter parenting. These findings have implications for future research and practice, specifically with reference to designing programs for reducing depression in female emerging adults.
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