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Ginkgo biloba leaves are traditionally ascribed a wide range of therapeutic attributes, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. We previously reported success in establishing and expanding suspension cultures of G. biloba cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) in vitro, while maintaining genetic stability and physiological homogeneity. In the present study, we tested the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of G. biloba CMCs using in vitro and in vivo assay systems. Results showed that the ethanol extract of CMCs scavenged superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals in cell-free systems. We also found that oral administration of CMC extract to mice stimulated primary anti-oxidant enzyme activity in the liver. More importantly, oral administration of CMC-containing diet significantly inhibited the inflammatory response in mouse colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium, as assessed by the length and status of the intestine, body weight, and IgA concentration in intestine. In addition, oral administration of CMC-containing diet significantly inhibited proinflammatory cytokine expression in both systemic and mucosal immune regulatory sites. In conclusion, G. biloba CMCs show promise as an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory substance.