Nontarget high-resolution mass spectrometry (Nt-HRMS) has been proven useful for the identification of unknown poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in commercial products and water, but applications to biological samples are limited. China is the major PFAS-manufacturing nation; thus, here, we adapted our Nt-HRMS methods to fish collected from the Yangtze River and Tangxun Lake to discover potentially bioaccumulative PFASs in aquatic organisms destined for human consumption. In addition to traditional PFASs, over 330 other fluorinated analytes belonging to 10 classes of PFASs were detected among the pooled fish livers, including 6 sulfonate classes, 2 amine classes, 1 carboxylate class, and 1 N-heterocycle class. One class was detected in samples from both locations, 8 classes were detected exclusively in Tangxun Lake fish, and 1 class was detected exclusively in Yangtze River fish, 10 km downstream of a fluorochemical manufacturing site where we first reported these substances in wastewater 3 years ago. Overall, 4 of the PFAS classes (>165 analytes) are reported for the first time here. Wider monitoring and toxicological testing should be a priority for understanding the health risks posed to people and wildlife exposed to these substances.

Ag NPs and Bphen modified anode and cathode interfaces result in a PCE of 15.75% in perovskite solar cells.

Thus, the formation of more triplet charge-transfer state which possessing microsecond scale lifetime by intersystem crossing from relatively short nanoscale lifetime of 1 CT is benefi cial to increase the current and improve photovoltaic performance. [ 10 ] For example, Holdcroft reported the fi rst photovoltaic study where Ir complexes are coordinated into the conjugated poly(fl uoreneco -phenylpyridine) backbone. [ 11 ] A signifi cant increase of external quantum effi ciency (EQE) from 1.1% of poly(9,9-dihexylfl uoreneco -2-phenylpyridine) to 10.3% of poly(9,9-dioctylfl uoreneco -tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium (III))) was observed. And 35 times higher of PCE were achieved in polymer/fullerene PV device which could be attributed to the formation of the triplet state in Ir containing polymers. By physically doping Ir(mppy) 3 into P3HT/CdSe hybrid organic solar cells, greatly improved photovoltaic response was observed due to the enhancement of singlet-to-triplet conversion by Ir complex. [ 12 ] Adding a small amount of pqIrpicNa and PEO to P3HT/PC 61 BM solar cell devices, resulted in 20% and 10% increase in the short circuit current ( J SC ) and PCE, respectively, compared to the reference device without additives. [ 13 ] Besides, Cheng and co-workers also reported a series of conjugated polymers bearing indacenodithiophene and cyclometalated platinum complexes, when blended with PC 71 BM, a maximum PCE of 2.9% was obtained. [ 14 ] According to previous results, polymer BHJ solar cells employing heavy metal complexes exhibited PCE no less than 3%. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] It should be noted that BHJ PSCs with PCE over 6% reported so far are all based on singlet CT state dominated pure organic materials. [ 17 ] Therefore, by introducing heavy metal containing triplet component to the previous high effi ciency organic photovoltaic materials is expected to facilitate generation of triplet CT state as well as effectively tailoring of triplet energy levels of 3 CT and 1 T of donor materials through intersystem crossing and thus to improve the device effi ciency.Based on this concept, we introduced various concentrations of triplet iridium complexes (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.5, and 5 mol%) to the polymer backbone of the famous champion polymer donor material PTB7 which was fi rst reported by Yu and co-workers and exhibited a PCE of 7.4% in simple device structure of Indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly-