Over the past decade, studies on microRNA (miRNA) and cancer quickly became known. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play a vital role in regulation of gene expression. In the present study, the expression of miR-27b, miR-29a, and miR-155, their prognostic roles, and their potential targets in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and breast cancer (BC) by qRT-PCR were investigated. In two case-control studies, qRT-PCR was used to analyze the peripheral blood serum of 15 CLL patients and tissue samples of 15 BC patients for the expression of miR-27b, miR-29a, and miR-155. miRNA expression levels were calculated using the qRT-PCR method. The results revealed a significant increase in the expression of all miRNAs in patients with BC and CLL compared with respective healthy groups (p < 0.001). In BC patients, there was a significant difference between the expression of miR-155 and miR-29a (p < 0.05), miR-155 and miR-27b (p < 0.01), and miR-27b and miR-29a (p < 0.001). In CLL patients, a significant difference between expression of both miR-27b and miR-29a compared with expression of miR-155 (p < 0.001) was found. Furthermore, a significant association between miR-155 and prevascular invasion was found. Significantly, elevated circulating miRNAs were shown to be BC specific and could differentiate BC tissues from the controls. It was demonstrated that miRNAs used in this study and their expression profiles can be developed as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of CLL and BC. Further studies utilizing a larger test group of patients would provide identification of miRNAs as key players in intercellular interactions.

Background: Apoptosis inhibition depends on the balance between expression of some regulatory genes including Bax and c-FLIP, despite breast cancer has long been associated with disturbances in apoptosis regulation. The objective of present study was to determine the expression levels of Bax and c-FLIP mRNAs in 1 μg sample of total RNA obtained from MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells treated with Prunus armeniaca extract. Methods: Prunus armeniaca effect was measured by MTT assay with different drug concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 and 5 mg/mL) at different incubation times (24, 48 and 72 h). Expression of Bax and c-FLIP mRNA levels was determined by qRT-PCR technique. Results: The results of this study indicated that Prunus armeniaca significantly inhibited proliferation of cells in concentration-dependent manner in all the time of incubation (P < 0.05). Our findings also showed that the expression level of Bax and c-FLIP genes were increased in untreat group compared with control group in both of cancer cells at all the time (P < 0.001). Prunus armeniaca reduced the expression level of Bax and c-FLIP genes cancer cells as a timedependence manner with respect to the untreat group significantly (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The expression level of Bax and c-FLIP genes were significantly decreased under treatment of Prunus armeniaca extract and it may be helpful in the prevention and cure of breast cancer in usage of herbal remedies.

Background and Objective: The SOX2OT lcnRNA has been recognized as positive regulator in transcription regulation of SOX2 gene. Recent studies have approved the dysregulation of SOX2OT lncRNA expression patterns in some common caner types including esophageal, lung, and breast cancer. The objective of present study was to investigate correlation between overexpression of SOX2OT lcnRNA and susceptibility to breast cancer. Method: SOX2OT lncRNA expression profiling in 15 breast cancer and normal tumour-adjacent breast tissue samples was performed by using qRT-PCR. To evaluating the diagnostic potential of the SOX2OT lncRNA we performed ROC curve analyses. Results: The expression of SOX2OT lncRNA in patients suffering from breast cancer revealed a significant overexpression in comparison with the healthy group (P<0.001). Significantly, the elevated circulating SOX2OT lncRNA was found specific to breast cancer and could differentiate breast cancer from controls with 100% of both sensitivity of and specificity. Based on the Kaplan-Meier analysis, there were no significant correlation between SOX2OT lcnRNA expression and overall survival. Conclusion: The results confirmed the association between breast cancer and higher SOX2OT lncRNA expression. According to the ROC curve results, SOX2OT lcnRNA could be a new measurable indicator of the breast cancer and a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer patients.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to look at changes in pseudogene genes level as oncogenes and tumor suppressors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by large-scale analysis and to develop a survival prediction model based on their expression.Methods: The cancer genome data were applied to evaluate the expression alternations of all pseudogene in HCC and their correlation with patients' prognosis. Also, a risk model was computed based on the expression of pseudogenes and their predictive power in patient mortality rates. The co-expression network and RT-qPCR method were utilized to discover pathways related and confirmed the outcomes, respectively.Results: The results revealed that 12 pseudogenes were down-regulated in HCC, and their increased expression was associated with good prognosis. Also, 11 pseudogenes were overexpressed and associated with patients' poor prognoses. The multivariate Cox regression test indicated that overexpression of AKR1B10P1, RP11-465B22.3, WASH8P, and downregulation of NPM1P25 could predict the survival rate of patients independent of clinical parameters. The risk score model based on mentioned pseudogenes could considerably distinguish patients based on their fatality rate. Also, the co-expression network shown that the identified pseudogene genes can play a role in fatty acid metabolism, proliferation, and mTOR. RT-qPCR results also showed that the expression level of WASH8P was significantly increased in cancer specimens compared to normal.Conclusion: Our results revealed that change expression of AKR1B10P1, RP11-465B22.3, WASH8P, and NPM1P25 was independently associated with prognosis and the patient mortality risk model based on these four pseudogenes can reasonably predict the survival rate of patients.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to look at changes in pseudogene genes level as oncogenes and tumor suppressors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by large-scale analysis and to develop a survival prediction model based on their expression. Methods The cancer genome data were applied to evaluate the expression alternations of all pseudogene in HCC and their correlation with patients' prognosis. Also, a risk model was computed based on the expression of pseudogenes and their predictive power in patient mortality rates. The co-expression network and RT-qPCR method were utilized to discover pathways related and confirmed the outcomes, respectively. Results The results revealed that 12 pseudogenes were down-regulated in HCC, and their increased expression was associated with good prognosis. Also, 11 pseudogenes were overexpressed and associated with patients' poor prognoses. The multivariate Cox regression test indicated that overexpression of AKR1B10P1, RP11-465B22.3, WASH8P, and downregulation of NPM1P25 could predict the survival rate of patients independent of clinical parameters. The risk score model based on mentioned pseudogenes could considerably distinguish patients based on their fatality rate. Also, the co-expression network shown that the identified pseudogene genes can play a role in fatty acid metabolism, proliferation, and mTOR. RT-qPCR results also showed that the expression level of WASH8P was significantly increased in cancer specimens compared to normal. Conclusion Our results revealed that change expression of AKR1B10P1, RP11-465B22.3, WASH8P, and NPM1P25 was independently associated with prognosis and the patient mortality risk model based on these four pseudogenes can reasonably predict the survival rate of patients.