The pattern of CHD has remained almost the same compared to the previous study. The outcome was excellent due to early diagnosis, regular follow up and timely intervention.

A study was conducted to determine the drug resistance pattern of enterococci isolated from cases of neonatal bacteremia. A total of 41 strains of enterococci were isolated of which 35 (85.4%) were Enterococcus faecalis and 6 (14.6%) were Enterococcus faecium. A total of 3 (8.6%) strains of E. faecalis and 2 (33.3%) E. faecium strains showed high level aminoglycoside resistance (HLAR). None of the enterococci tested were vancomycin resistant. Drug resistance was more common among E. faecium strains. All clinically significant isolates of enterococci should be tested for their antibiotic sensitivity pattern including HLAR, and for treatment, antibiotics are selected based on in vitro antibiotic sensitivity test results.

No abstract

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is the single most important cause of neonatal deaths in the community. Objectives: To identify the common bacterial pathogens associated with neonatal sepsis and to identify their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Material and Methods: During the study period, all the neonates admitted in neonatology ward were screened for sepsis by physical examination and clinical features. All infants satisfying the criteria for sepsis were subjected for blood culture. Growths, if any were noted and standard antibiotic sensitivity was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per the CLSI recommendations. Results: Out of 2520 neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit over a period of one year, 89 neonates were diagnosed as having septicemia. Incidence of sepsis in our hospital was 35.3/1000 neonatal admissions. Out of 89 clinically suspected and positive screening test cases of neonatal sepsis, 48.31% were culture proven cases of neonatal sepsis. Klebsiella was found to be the predominant pathogen (34.88%) of the culture positive cases followed by staphylococcus aureus in 32.5% and E. coli in 9.30% cases. Majority of the organisms were resistant to commonly used antibiotics like ampicillin, cloxacillin and ceftriaxone. Aminoglycosides were relatively more effective treatment modalities against gram negative organisms while vancomycin was the most sensitive drug against Staphy lococcus aureus. Conclusions: In view of growing bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics, knowledge of bacterial pathogens prevalent in NICU and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern will help the clinician to select appropriate antibiotics for treatment of suspected neonatal sepsis cases.