Muscari erdalii is described as a new species from Mersin, Southern Turkey. A description, photographs and identification key to the subgenus Leopoldia for Turkish species are given. The morphological differences between the new species and related taxa (M. tenuiflorum Tausch, M. babachii Eker & Koyuncu) are also presented. Also the karyomorphology of M. erdalii, M. tenuiflorum and M. babachii is presented and discussed. The chromosome number of the new species is 2n = 18.

No abstract

Allium istanbulense, a new species of Allium sect. Codonoprasum, is described and illustrated from Istanbul surroundings (European Turkey). It is a late-flowering diploid species (2n = 16), occurring in the undergrowth of oak or pine woods mainly on sandy or incoherent soils. Its morphology, karyology, leaf anatomy, seed micromorphology, ecology, conservation status and taxonomic relationships are examined. A taxonomic comparison with the most allied late flowering species of sect. Codonoprasum and identification keys of the group are also provided.

Allium maraschicum M. Koçyiğit & N. Özhatay sp. nov. (sect. Codonoprasum Reich.) from southeast Anatolia (C6 Kahramanmaraş, Turkey) is described and illustrated. Diagnostic characters, a description, detailed illustrations and taxonomic comments on the species are given. It is compared with the related species A. kurtzianum Asch. & Sint. ex Kollmann. The geographic distribution of the new and related species is given.

The taxonomy of the Allium saxatile group (sect. Oreiprason) has been studied recently upon morphological and molecular data. New specimens collected from the European part of Turkey near the Istranca Mountains and identified as ‘A. saxatile’ proved to be a new species confirmed by sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and two plastid DNA regions (rpl32–trnL and trnL–trnF) and supported by morphological characters. Allium urusakiorum, a new species from the A. saxatile group, is described here through living and herbarium specimens. It is the only species of the sect. Oreiprason in the country and seems to be an endemic species of the Turkish flora. Characteristics of the species include morphological description, identification key, molecular dataset, and karyotype (2n = 16).