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The census of the loci classici of 1,400 Italian endemic vascular plants (i.e. not thriving elsewhere with the exception of Corsica and Malta) is here presented and described. The effective place of publication of accepted names, basionyms and homotypic synonyms were identified and critically verified. This often resulted in some change in authorship attribution and, in seven cases, in validation problems (Asperula cynanchica var. lactea var. nov., A. lactea comb. nov., Biscutella laevigata subsp. raffaelliana subsp. nov., Ferulago nodosa subsp. geniculata comb. & stat. nov., Limonium tineoi comb. nov., L. usticanum sp. nov., Noccaea torreana comb. nov.). The geographic information on the loci classici was excerpted from the protologues, as well as information on typification for the taxa described before 1 January 1958. The names without holotype are 796. For 347 names a lecto- or neo-typification is available in literature, while 449 currently accepted taxa still need of type designation.

The genus Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) in Greece is taxonomically revised based on morphological and morphometric studies. More than 3000 herbarium specimens were used, sourced mainly from field excursions carried out over the last thirty years by S. Brullo, as well as from numerous collections held in the herbaria of European museums and private collections. A significant aspect of this revision concerned the nomenclatural resolution of critical taxa from Greece. Scanty and unclear original descriptions have led to numerous mis-identifications in the past. Nomenclatural studies have resolved the taxonomic uncertainties and the necessary associated lecto-typifications are published here, notably for those species formerly known as Statice graeca, S. rorida, S. aucheri, S. ocymifolia, S. palmaris, S. prolifera, S. hyssopifolia and S. sieberi. Using the phylogenetic species concept 85 morphologically well-defined species of Limonium are recognized in Greece. The species are predominantly distributed in coastal habitats, being well-adapted to sea spray and even to conditions of marked edaphic salinity. Morphology, nomenclature, distribution and ecology have been analyzed for all species. Taxonomic notes, new illustrations and a list of the examined specimens are also provided. Two new combinations are made (L. proliferum and L. stenotatum) and thirty nine species are described as new to science (L. aegaeum, L. amopicum, L. archaeothirae, L. astypaleanum, L. athinense, L. atticum, L. chersonesum, L. compactum, L. contractum, L. crateriforme, L. dolihiense, L. fragile, L. grabusae, L. helenae, L. heraionense, L. ikaricum, L. isidorum, L. kirikosicum, L. meandrinum, L. microcycladicum, L. minoicum, L. monolithicum, L. oligotrichum, L. pagasaeum, L. parosicum, L. pusillum, L. reticaule, L. samium, L. sartorianum, L. schinousae, L. sirinicum, L. sougiae, L. spreitzenhoferi, L. taenari, L. thirae, L. vanandense, L. vravronense, L. xerocamposicum and L. xiliense). The chromosome complement is reported for 51 species. New chromosome counts are given for 16 species and those of 14 species are confirmed. Finally, an analytical key for the easy identification of the treated species is provided. 24 names are lectotypified in the present paper: Limonium sitiacum (specimen at G), L. runermakii (M), L. hierapetrae (W), L. graecum var. stenotatum (W), Statice echioides (illustration by Magnol), S. aristata (illustration by Magnol), S. serotina (illustration by Reichenbach), S. virgata var. tenia (W), S. rorida, S. palmaris, S. bellidifolia (illustrations by Sibthorph & Smith) S. hyssopifolia (M), S. tournefortii (P), S. carpatha (G), S. pigadiensis (M), S. graeca (P), S. prolifera (M), S. ocymifolia (P), S. aucheri (P), S. corinthiaca (G), S. frederici (P), S. doelferi (M). Isolectotypes were found for: Limonium sitiacum (K, W), L. runemarkii (B, G, W), L. hierapetrae (G, M), L. graecum var. stenotatum (BM, M), Statice virgata var. tenia (M, W), S. carpatha (B, M, W, WU), S. pigadiensis (BM, G, W), S. graeca (BM, C, LD, M, P, OXF), S. prolifera (P), S. ocymifolia (FI, G), S. aucheri (BM, FI, G, P), S. corinthiaca (BM, W, WU), S. frederici (G, FI, K), S. doerfleri (B, FI, G, P, PR, W, WU, Herb. Greuter). An epitype (B) was proposed for S. palmaris.

A taxonomic revision of the populations belonging to the Dianthus sylvestris Wulfen group (Caryophyllaceae) occurring in central and southern Italy, Sardinia and Sicily has been made. This group is represented in the surveyed territories by 17 morphologically and ecologically well differentiated species: Dianthus arrosti C. Presl, D. siculus C. Presl, D. graminifolius C. Presl, D. cyathophorus Moris, D. gasparrinii Guss., D. longicaulis Ten., D. virgatus Pasquale, D. tarentinus Lacaita, D. morisianus Vals., D. japygicus Bianco & Brullo, D. sardous Bacch., Brullo, Casti & Giusso, D. busambrae Soldano & F. Conti, D. brachycalyx Huet sp. nov., D. oliastrae sp. nov., D. insularis sp. nov., D. genargenteus sp. nov. and D. ichnusae sp. nov. Besides, two new subspecies are recognized within D. ichnusae (subsp. ichnusae and subsp. toddei). This taxonomical treatment is supported by a multivariate analysis based on 25 morphological characters and 1 phenological character. Each of the taxa is described and illustrated. In addition, notes on nomenclature, ecology, chorology, taxonomical relationships and conservation status are given. Lectotypes are designated for those taxa that are based on material from the investigated territories.

On the whole the flore of Sicily is quite rich and interesting (ca. 3000 species, of which 10% are endemic), this must be mainly attributed to the physiographic peculiarities of the island as well as the paleogeographic vicissitudes. Although, this flora was object of numerous floristical and taxonomical studies since last century, it is worth inquiring furtherly because of the occurrence of critical species and groups. In order to emphasize the floristic diversity and remarkable phytogeographical interest of this flora, a subdivision of the territory, coinciding with the Sicilian dominion, is proposed ; in particular, on the ground of the presence of exclusive species clusters (endemic or not), a series of districts, collected in sectors and subsectors, are individualized. Besides, the want of necessary steps for theprotecton of the flora, especially for the rarest and endagered species, as well as the problems regarding its conservation, are examined.