In order to improve the encapsulation efficiency of low density core material microcapsules, the complex condensation method was used to prepare microcapsules with n-hexane as the core material and gelatin and Arabic gum as the wall material.For n-hexane with low density, the influence of wall material concentration on microcapsule morphology, the influence of core wall ratio on microcapsule wall thickness, the influence of emulsifying speed on emulsifying effect, the influence of crosslinking curing reaction pH on thermal stability, and the influence of complex coacervation pH on turbidity were studied by turbidimetric titration. The experimental results show that: For the low-density core microcapsules, the spherical multi-core microcapsules prepared are regular in capsule shape, but the encapsulation efficiency is lower than 30%, and the waste of wall material is serious. The wall material concentration is 2%, the core-to-wall ratio is 3:1, the emulsification speed is 10000 r/min, the pH of complex oacervation is 4.0, and the pH of crosslinking curing reaction is 10.0. The microcapsules prepared on this basis are monocytic and irregular. Although the shape and phase of the capsules are irregular, they have good encapsulation effect, with the yield up to 71.86% and encapsulation efficiency up to 70%. Meanwhile, they have good thermal stability.