Benzoic acid (C 6 H 5 COOH) is selected as a coal-based model compound, and its catalytic pyrolysis mechanisms on ZnO, γ-Al 2 O 3 , CaO, and MgO catalysts are studied using density functional theory (DFT) compared to the non-catalytic pyrolysis mechanism. DFT calculation shows that the pyrolysis process of C 6 H 5 COOH in the gas phase occurs via the direct decarboxylation pathway (C 6 H 5 COOH → C 6 H 6 + CO 2 ) or the stepwise decarboxylation pathway (C 6 H 5 COOH → C 6 H 6 COO → C 6 H 6 + CO 2 ). For C 6 H 5 COOH catalytic pyrolysis on the ZnO (101̅ 0) surface, the preferred reaction pathway is C 6 H 5 COOH → C 6 H 5 COO + H → C 6 H 6 + CO 2 , whereas the preferred reaction pathway on γ-Al 2 O 3 (110), CaO (100), and MgO (100) surfaces is C 6 H 5 COOH → C 6 H 5 COO + H → C 6 H 5 + CO 2 + H → C 6 H 6 + CO 2 , indicating that the presence of catalysts changed the pyrolysis mechanism of C 6 H 5 COOH. In addition, dissociative adsorption of C 6 H 5 COOH is observed on these surfaces. It is found that ZnO (101̅ 0), MgO (100), and CaO (100) are beneficial to C 6 H 5 COOH decomposition, but γ-Al 2 O 3 (110) is disadvantageous to the C 6 H 5 COOH decomposition. At the same reaction temperature, the rate constants show the order: k(ZnO) > k(MgO) > k(CaO) > k(no catalyst) > k(γ-Al 2 O 3 ).

The catalytic pyrolysis pathways of carbonyl compounds in coal were systematically studied using density functional theory (DFT), with benzaldehyde (CHCHO) employed as a coal-based model compound and ZnO, γ-AlO, and CaO as catalysts. The results show that the products of both pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis are CH and CO. However, the presence of any of the catalysts changes the reaction pathway and reduces the energy barrier, indicating that these catalysts promote CHCHO decomposition. Graphical abstract The presence of catalysts changes the reaction pathway and the energy barrier decreases in the order Ea (no catalyst)> Ea (CaO)> Ea (γ-AlO)> Ea (ZnO), indicating that these catalysts promote CHCHO decomposition.

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Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is defined as the increased destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) in the presence of anti-RBC autoantibodies and/or complement.Here in, we describe the case of a 52-year-old male patient who was admitted to our hospital, and was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin peripheral T-cell lymphoma and cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia (extremely severe). He's hemoglobin decreased progressively after he was admitted, and he developed dyspnea. He also had continuous abdominal discomfort with nausea lasting 20 days. The patient reported abdominal discomfort with no obvious cause starting 20 days before admission, with nausea, vomiting, and poor appetite. In this case report we describe a case of a 52year-old male patient who had allogeneic ABOmismatched blood for transfusion of cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia.