Among various types of clean energy sources, hydrogen is considered promising due to its high energy density, zero carbon emission during combustion. [4][5][6] To fully deploy technologies for hydrogen production, there is a critical need for the selection of efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts. [7][8][9] Many researchers focus on producing cost-effective Pt-based catalysts by enhancing the active sites of the Pt (e.g., single atom-based catalysts) and distribution of the Pt in the supports, which can largely decrease the amount of Pt. [10][11][12][13] However, up to date, it is still a major challenge to stabilize Pt nanoclusters during the HER. [14,15] 1D or 2D nanostructures can have large surface energy, spatial confinement, and tunable imperfections, which endow them with unique properties, such as increased catalytic activity, enhanced mechanical strength, and chemical stability. [16][17][18][19] Combining 0D Pt nanocluster with 1D/2D nanostructures can prevent their aggregation and mass loss in catalytic recycling. [20] Until now, considerable efforts have focused on developing low-dimensional heterostructures. [21,22] Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) possess unique mechanical, thermal, and Large scale solar-driven hydrogen production is a crucial step toward decarbonizing society. However, the solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency, long-term stability, and cost-effectiveness in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) still need to be improved. Herein, an efficient approach is demonstrated to produce low-dimensional Pt/graphene-carbon nanofibers (CNFs)-based heterostructures for bias-free, highly efficient, and durable HER. Carbon dots are used as efficient building blocks for the in situ formation of graphene along the CNFs surface. The presence of graphene enhances the electronic conductivity of CNFs to ≈3013.5 S m −1 and simultaneously supports the uniform Pt clusters growth and efficient electron transport during HER. The electrode with a low Pt loading amount (3.4 µg cm −2 ) exhibits a remarkable mass activity of HER in both acidic and alkaline media, which is significantly better than that of commercial Pt/C (31 µg cm −2 of Pt loading). In addition, using a luminescent solar concentrator-coupled solar cell to provide voltage, the bias-free water splitting system exhibits an STH efficiency of 0.22% upon one-sun illumination. These results are promising toward using low-dimensional heterostructured catalysts for future energy storage and conversion applications.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202101470.

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Design and synthesis of flexible and self-supporting electrode materials in high-performance lithium storage is significant for applications in the field of smart wearable devices. Herein, flexible carbon nanofiber membranes with uniformly distributed molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) nanocrystals are fabricated by a needlefree electrospinning method combined with the subsequent carbonization process, which exhibits outstanding structural stability under abrasion and deformation. The as-fabricated lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) exhibit a high discharge of 450 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 2000 mA g−1 by using the MoO2/C nanofiber membrane as the self-supporting anode. Further, the nanofibers structure remains intact after 500 cycles, which reflects the excellent stability of the materials. This study provides a simple and effective method for the preparation of MoO2/C nanofiber materials, which can not only maintain its excellent electrochemical and physical properties, but also easily realize large-scale production. It is undoubtedly beneficial for the development of flexible LIBs and smart wearable devices.

A needle-plane electrode system was used to study the characteristics of the silicone rubber under AC corona. Microstructure and chemical structure change analysis on the surface of silicone rubber after corona ageing was made by using SEM, AFM and FTIR. Infrared spectrum shows that corona would cause the rupture of fundamental chain and branched chain of material. Along with the increase of corona aging time, the content of fundamental chain and branched chain will decrease. The continuous increase in the content of carbanyl group shows the intensifying oxidation. Hydroxyl -OH turns into combined condition from dissociative condition.