Omeprazole (OP) has been shown to act as a plant growth regulator and enhances tolerance to salt stress. In this study, two Ocimum basilicum genotypes were tested for their responses to OP under salt stress. The two genotypes, Napoletano (NAP) a salt sensitive genotype, and Genovese (GEN) a salt tolerant genotype, had contrasting responses to OP treatment. NAP demonstrated increases in terms of growth (+36%) and salt tolerance (+19%) upon treatment while GEN had a growth increase (+35%) and OP enhanced sensitivity to salt stress (−13%). OP treatment also had an effect on the post-harvest behaviour of these two genotypes by increasing NAP shelf life while decreasing GEN shelf life. The contrasting responses to OP in these two genotypes has provided insight into the role of this molecule in mediating growth and adaptation to stress and, more importantly, into the complexity of the mechanisms mediating these processes.basil, benzimidazole, omeprazole, PPI, proton pump inhibitor, salt stress Abbreviations: DAS, days after sowing; DAST, days after stress treatment; GEN, Genovese; LEA, late embryogenesis abundant; NAP, Napoletano; OP, omeprazole; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; ROS, reactive oxygen species; RWC, relative water content; SDW, shoot dry weight; SFW, shoot fresh weight. † These authors contributed equally to this study.

The construction of an efficient conductive interface between electrodes and electroactive proteins is a major challenge in the biosensor and bioelectrochemisty fields to achieve the desired nanodevice performance. Concomitantly, metallo-organic...

Here, we report the development of a novel photoactive biomolecular nanoarchitecture based on the genetically engineered extremophilic photosystem I (PSI) biophotocatalyst interfaced with a single layer graphene via pyrene-nitrilotriacetic acid self-assembled monolayer (SAM). For the oriented and stable immobilization of the PSI biophotocatalyst, an His6-tag was genetically engineered at the N-terminus of the stromal PsaD subunit of PSI, allowing for the preferential binding of this photoactive complex with its reducing side towards the graphene monolayer. This approach yielded a novel robust and ordered nanoarchitecture designed to generate an efficient direct electron transfer pathway between graphene, the metal redox center in the organic SAM and the photo-oxidized PSI biocatalyst. The nanosystem yielded an overall current output of 16.5 µA·cm−2 for the nickel- and 17.3 µA·cm−2 for the cobalt-based nanoassemblies, and was stable for at least 1 h of continuous standard illumination. The novel green nanosystem described in this work carries the high potential for future applications due to its robustness, highly ordered and simple architecture characterized by the high biophotocatalyst loading as well as simplicity of manufacturing.

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Molecular mechanism of DET between graphene and cytochrome c depends on the metal in the bio-organic interface: Co enhances the cathodic current via electron hopping from graphene to haem, whereas Ni exerts the opposite effect via tunnelling.