ABSTRACT. Larval development of Brycon hilarii (Characiformes, Characidae). The present study characterizes the early stages of development of Brycon hilarii (Valenciennes, 1850) based on morphometric and meristic characters. Patterns of development in morphometric characters were analyzed through the fit of linear, quadratic and linear piecewise models. Samples were collected from March 2000 to March 2004 in basins of the Cuiabá and Manso rivers, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Larvae were identified and classified in different stages (Larval Yolk, Pre-Flexion, Flexion, and Post-Flexion) according to notochord development. The morphometric and meristic characters for each larva were, respectively, measured and counted. The standard length ranged from 3.25 to 26.00 mm. The Larval Yolk stage showed a greater concentration of dendritic pigments along the intestine, and the Flexion and Post-Flexion stages showed an intensified pigmentation intensified along the back. A single spot on the humerus and another on the caudal peduncle were observed at the end of the Post-Flexion stage. Also, in the Larval Yolk and Pre-Flexion stages. The intestine is long, the snout is short, the adhesive organ was present in the Larval Yolk and Pre-Flexion, and the mouth is terminal throughout the development. The total number of myomeres ranged from 41 to 50 (23 to 30 pre-anal and 16 to 24 post-anal). Number of fin rays: dorsal 11; anal 30; pectoral 15 and ventral eight. The analysis of the development indicated higher metamorphosis in the Flexion stage.KEYWORDS. Morphology, larvae, fish, piraputanga, Paraguai river basin. RESUMO. O presente estudo caracterizou o desenvolvimento inicial deBrycon hilarii (Valenciennes, 1850) através de caracteres morfométricos e merísticos e analisou as relações entre as características morfométricas das larvas ao longo do desenvolvimento usando modelos de regressão linear, quadrática e linear por partes. O material foi obtido nas bacias dos rios Cuiabá e Manso, Mato Grosso, Brasil, entre março de 2000 e março de 2004. Os indivíduos foram identificados e separados de acordo com o grau de desenvolvimento da notocorda e, posteriormente, medidos e contados os caracteres morfométricos e merísticos, respectivamente. O comprimento padrão variou entre 3,25 e 26,00 mm. Inicialmente, as larvas apresentaram maior concentração de pigmentos dendríticos ao longo do intestino e, em flexão e pós-flexão, intensificaram-se no dorso do corpo. Uma mancha umeral e outra no pedúnculo caudal foram observadas no final do estágio de pós-flexão. O intestino apresentou-se longo, o focinho curto, o órgão adesivo presente em larval vitelino e pré-flexão e a boca terminal por todo o desenvolvimento. O número total de miômeros variou de 41 a 50 (23 a 30 pré e 16 a 24 pós-anal). O número de raios das nadadeiras foi: dorsal 11; anal 30; peitoral 15 e ventral oito. A análise do crescimento indicou maior metamorfose no estágio de flexão. PALAVRAS-CHAVE.Morfologia, larva, peixe, piraputanga, bacia do rio Paraguai.
composition of the assemblage of fish larvae in the Rosana reservoir, Paranapanema River, Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 11(1): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/ v11n1/en/abstract?short-communication+bn00911012011. Abstract:There are few studies in reservoirs that consider the Early Life Stages (ELS) of fish. Information on the ecology of fish larvae are useful for understanding the biology of the species, since ELS represent a critical period in fish life cycle. In this context, knowledge about the assemblages of larvae can be valuable for the prediction and understanding of recruitment, thus assisting in the management of the environment. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the composition of the assemblage of fish larvae in different regions of Rosana reservoir. Samples were collected quarterly (March, June, September and December) in 2002, in the limnetic and littoral regions of the zones fluvial, transition and lacustrine of reservoir. In the laboratory, the material was sorted and larvae were separated and identified to lowest possible taxonomic level. The taxa that were the major contributors in the limnetic region were Plagioscion squamosissimus (Perciformes), Hypophthalmus edentatus, Pimelodus maculatus (Siluriformes), Astyanax spp. and Roeboides descalvadensis (Characiformes), whereas in the coastal region Bryconamericus stramineus and Apareiodon affinis (Characiformes) prevailed. Limnetic and littoral regions of the reservoir, as well as their respective zones showed differences in larvae species composition and segregation of assemblages can be influenced by a preference for habitats or evolutionary questions involving reproductive strategies of species. Resumo: Em reservatórios, são escassos os estudos que consideram as fases iniciais do ciclo de vida de peixes, sendo que informações sobre a ecologia de larvas de peixes são úteis para o entendimento da biologia das espécies, visto que os estágios iniciais representam um período crítico no ciclo de vida dos peixes. Neste contexto, o conhecimento a respeito das assembleias de larvas pode ser valioso para a predição e o entendimento do recrutamento, auxiliando desta maneira, no manejo do ambiente. Desta forma, o presente trabalho pretende verificar a composição da assembleia de larvas de peixes em diferentes regiões do reservatório. As coletas foram realizadas trimestralmente (março, junho, setembro e dezembro) no ano de 2002, nas regiões limnética e litorânea das zonas fluvial, transição e lacustre do reservatório de Rosana. No laboratório, o material foi triado e as larvas foram separadas e identificadas ao menor nível taxonômico possível. Os táxons que tiveram maior contribuição na região limnética foram Plagioscion squamosissimus (Perciformes), Hypophthalmus edentatus, Pimelodus maculatus (Siluriformes), Astyanax spp. e Roeboides descalvadensis (Characiformes), enquanto na região litorânea Bryconamericus stramineus e Apareiodon affinis (Characiformes). As regiões limnética e litorânea do reservatório, assim como suas respectivas zonas apresentara...
Fish larvae of 'corvinas' (Pachyurus bonariensis and Plagioscion ternetzi) from Sinhá Mariana Lagoon, Mato Grosso State, were collected from March 2000 to March 2004, in order to determine the parasitic fauna of fishes. Larvae from the two species were parasitized by the same endoparasites: Contracaecum sp. Type 2 (larvae) (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in the mesentery and Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) paraguayensis (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) in the stomach and the terminal portion of the intestine. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the standard length of hosts and the abundance of acanthocephalans and nematodes, and that the prevalence of nematodes presented a significant positive correlation with the standard length of the two species of hosts, indicating the presence of a cumulative process of infection. The present study constitutes the first record of nematodes and acanthocephalans parasitizing larval fish, as well as the first record of endoparasites in fish larvae in Brazil. In addition, it lists a new locality and two species of hosts for Contracaecum sp. Type 2 (larva) and N. (N.) paraguayensis.
RESUMO. Aspectos da alimentação de larvas e juvenis de Apareiodon affinis são descritos. As amostragens foram realizadas no Ressaco do Leopoldo, alto rio Paraná, entre fevereiro de 1991 e fevereiro de 1992, utilizando rede de plâncton. Nas larvas em pré-flexão e flexão, a boca é pequena e terminal, passando a inferior no estágio de pós-flexão e nos juvenis. O tubo digestivo é simples e reto nas larvas em pré-flexão e diferenciado naquelas em pós-flexão. A dieta foi constituída principalmente por algas, caracterizando essa espécie como algívora durante todo o seu desenvolvimento. A análise da digestibilidade não evidenciou o horário preferencial de alimentação dos difirentes estágios de desenvolvimento, provavelmente em função do tipo de amostragem utilizada e do alimento consumido pelos indivíduos.Palavras-chave: Apareiodon affinis, alimentação, larva, juvenil, peixe, rio Paraná. ABSTRACT. Ontogenic changes in digestive tract and diet shifts of Apareiodon affinis (Steindachner, 1879) (Osteichthyes, Parodontidae). Feeding aspects ofApareiodon affinis larvae and juveniles are described in this work. Samples collected by plankton net were taken from February, 1991 to February, 1992 in Ressaco do Leopoldo, Paraná River. The mouth is small and terminal in preflexion and flexion larvae and inferior at the end of this development period and in juveniles. The digestive tract is simple and straight in preflexion larvae, but different in those in postflexion. The diet was basically algae, characterizing this species as algivorous during all its development. The analysis of the digestibility did not show the preferential time of feeding of the different development stages. This was probably because of the sampling type utilized and because of the food consumed by the individuals.
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