The Brazilian Amazon, which has been heavily devastated by exploratory processes and human occupation, has great value in terms of forest resources. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of native forest species to constitute productive agroforestry systems that can be set up in areas of legal reserve. A floristic/phytosociological survey was carried out of tree individuals with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥10 cm in 12 plots of 50 x 100 m (0.5 ha). From the data, species with a density of greater than three trees ha-1 were selected, and evaluated for use and ecological group. A total of 180 species distributed in 40 botanical families were identified, of which only 23 species presented an absolute density (AD) ≥3 trees ha-1, indicating that the occurrence of most species in the area is rare. Species such as Copaifera multijuga, Dinizia excelsa, Peltogyne paniculata, Tachigali chrysophylla, Dipteryx odorata, Bertholletia excelsa and Hevea brasiliensis are used commercially and may be indicated for production systems. As a result, native Amazonian forest species have great potential for use in recovery programs, promoting the recovery of local biodiversity and the development of small rural properties. However, it is necessary to invest in research and the development of public policy to support such initiatives.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar o monitoramento do teor de umidade das madeiras de Apuleia leiocarpa, Clarisia racemosa e Buchenavia capitata submetidas à secagem ao ar no município de Rolim de Moura, RO. Para a avaliação, toras da madeira de cada espécie foram desdobradas em tábuas com faces tangenciais, das quais foram selecionadas 30 tábuas que foram submetidas à secagem ao ar no decorrer de um ano. As curvas de secagem e taxas de secagem foram determinadas a partir da pesagem periódica de amostras controladoras de umidade e das quais também foram avaliadas as contrações sofridas pela madeira. O teor de umidade mínimo atingido pelas madeiras no decorrer do período avaliado foi de 19,43, 21,57 e 25,72%, para B. capitata, A. leiocarpa e C. racemosa, respectivamente, que não pode ser considerado compatível para a maioria das possibilidades de uso da madeira. A maior taxa de secagem foi registrada para a madeira de menor densidade aparente (C. racemosa). O maior valor para o coeficiente de anisotropia foi registrado para a madeira de B. capitata (1,61), que apresentou a maior massa específica aparente (0,86 g.cm-3). A densidade da madeira influenciou o comportamento da mesma ao final do processo de secagem. O método de secagem ao ar livre, para as condições climáticas locais avaliadas não se mostrou eficiente para que as madeiras testadas atingissem um baixo teor de umidade final e, assim, recomenda-se o seu uso combinado com o método de secagem artificial. Palavras-chave: taxa de secagem, curva de secagem, métodos de secagem da madeira.   BEHAVIOR OF THE THREE AMAZONIAN WOODS SUBMITTED TO AIR DRYING   ABSTRACT This work aimed to carry out the monitoring of the moisture level of Apuleia leiocarpa, Clarisia racemosa and Buchenavia capitata woods, which were submitted to air drying in the city of Rolim de Moura, RO, Brazil. For the evaluation, wood logs of each species were outspread on boards with tangential faces, of which 30 boards were selected, and they were submitted to air drying in the course of a year. Drying curves and drying rates were determined based on periodic weighing of the controlling moisture samples, of which the contractions suffered by the wood were also evaluated. The minimum moisture levels reached by the woods during the study period were 19.43, 21.57 and 25.72% for para B. capitata, A. leiocarpa and C. racemosa, respectively, but these values cannot be considered compatible for most of the possibilities of use of wood. The highest drying rate was registered for the lowest density wood (C. racemosa). The highest value for the anisotropy coefficient was registered for B. capitata wood (1.61), which showed the highest apparent specific mass (0.86 g.cm-3) . The wood density has influenced its behavior at the end of the drying process. The method of air drying, for the local evaluated climatic conditions, has not proved to be effective to allow the researched woods to achieve a low level of final moisture. Therefore, we recommend its use combined with the artificial drying method. Keywords: drying rate, drying curve, drying methods of woods.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14583/2318-7670.v04n01a07