Retinol and carotenoid levels were determined spectrophotometrically in the blood of 222 mothers at delivery and in the umbilical cord of the newborns. We observed an important prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among mothers and newborns (25.4% and 46.2%, respectively) as well as carotenoid inadequacy (52.3% and 92.6% in mothers and newborns, respectively), and an increased risk of VAD development among newborns whose mothers had VAD (odds ratio = 4.79). We found an increased risk of carotenoid inadequacy when VAD was already present in both groups (odds ratio = 2.21 and odds ratio = 6.85 in mothers and newborns, respectively). There were relationships between previous abortion and maternal VAD (P=0.022) and lower carotenoid levels among newborns (P=0.019), as well as inadequate maternal serum carotenoid levels and interdelivery interval less than 18 months. These findings suggest the need for interventional actions to prevent retinol and carotenoid inadequacy, and low antioxidant reserves.
Vitamin A is recognized as an essential trace element in phases of intense growth and development such as pregnancy and childhood. The influence of this trace element is recognized in different metabolic
ObjetivoInvestigar a associação entre intercorrências gestacionais e níveis de retinol e carotenóides em puérperas atendidas em maternidade pública do Rio de Janeiro.
MétodosA amostra foi constituída por 262 puérperas atendidas na Maternidade Escola da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. O estado nutricional antropométrico foi avaliado pelo do índice de massa corporal pré-gestacional e pelo ganho ponderal gestacional, e foram coletadas informações sobre intercorrências gestacionais nos registros médicos dos prontuários. Foram adotados os pontos de corte 1,05 mol/L e 80 g/dL para definir inadequação dos níveis de retinol e carotenóides séricos, respectivamente.
ResultadosQuarenta e dois vírgula sete por cento da amostra foi acometida por intercorrências gestacionais, destacandose anemia (29,0%), inadequação dos níveis de retinol (24,4%), e síndromes hipertensivas da gravidez (5,7%). Observou-se maior proporção de obesidade pré-gestacional entre mulheres com síndromes hipertensivas da gravidez, em comparação com as não portadoras de tal intercorrência. Verificou-se menor nível médio de carotenóides séricos entre as que desenvolveram síndromes hipertensivas da gravidez e 91,7% destas apresentaram inadequação destes nutrientes.
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