The authors in this article primarily seek to clarify the functioning of the legal and economic factors for the future integration of Bosnia and Herzegovina into the European Union. Accordingly, under the conditions of modern market and technological change, it is difficult to imagine the integration process in the sense of globalization, without the more active role of developed countries to assist countries in transition on their European path. Thus, diplomacy has a major impact on economic and legal and political integration in the EU, and on the other hand, Bosnia and Herzegovina has a political, legal and economic interest in joining the EU, and has already started using EU funds according to programs, based on the Framework Agreement between the EU and Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is quite logical that the EU funds are invested with intention to create a competitive B&H economy for the EU Single Market (internal market). However, economic cooperation is only the "first pillar" of the European integration process. A big step forward, with regard to foreign-political cooperation and security, was achieved through the Maastricht Agreement, by introducing the "second pillar" within the European Union. So, it is quite logical to conclude that the Maastricht Agreement joined the security to the Foreign Policy, which then allowed Member States to actively and unreservedly support the realization of the "second pillar". The foreign policy and security of the EU member states cannot be at an adequate level if no internal security is established in each country. For this reason, it is very important to establish appropriate judicial cooperation and cooperation between the police, in the creation of a European judicial space, whose constituent part Bosnia and Herzegovina tend to be a part of. In this way, a "third pillar" of cooperation in the field of law and internal affairs is created.

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When reading the article’s title, it is important to emphasize the role and importance of the Institution of the Ombudsman for Human Rights of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the most important national institution for the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Consequently, according to the logic of thinking, it can be clearly concluded that the most important segment of action, above mentioned national institution, is to prevent or eliminate all forms of indirect and direct discrimination. Accordingly, the author decided, in addition to introductory and concluding considerations, to divide the article into four (4) parts. The first part of the article entitled “Theoretical Determination of Discrimination” provides general information on the concept, different forms and types of discrimination in accordance with the Law on Prohibition of Discrimination in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Unlike the first, in the second part of the article “The Role of the Ombudsman in the Probation of Discrimination Proceedings”, the Ombudsman aims to present the legal position of the ombudsman in court proceedings, with the mandatory indication of the conditions for initiating the proceedings on his own behalf, representing the individual and intervening in the ongoing proceedings. Through practical examples, the author seeks to emphasize the importance, role and importance of the ombudsman in court proceedings. Subsequently, in the third part of the “Role of Courts in the Probation of Discrimination Proceedings”, the author concentrates that, by using the Law on Prohibition of Discrimination, he presents court judgments that discriminate the education system of the Central Bosnia and Herzegovina Canton (non) discriminatory on the basis of the existing segregation in so called. “Two schools under one roof”. Thus, this section primarily analyzes the rejection of the aforementioned claims. Finally, in the fourth (working) section entitled “The Probation of Discrimination Proceeding before the Supreme Court of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina”, the author presents positive and negative examples in the work of the Supreme Court of FBiH, and above all clarifies the process of proving discrimination before this court instance. The aim of this paper is to investigate the legal background of the Institution of the Ombudsman for Human Rights in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as judicial instances from the aspect of domestic (national) law, while, on the other hand, special attention is devoted to the actions of the FBiH Supreme Court in cases of discrimination.