No abstract

Background and aims Microcirculation assessment focus on 3 components: Vessel density, perfusion, and heterogeneity of microcirculation, measured as perfused vessel density (PVD), microcirculation flow index (MFI), proportion of perfused vessels and heterogeneity index (HI). Correlation of these parameters with hemodynamic and perfusion parameters is not well established. Methods Prospective, observational study in 17 two-month-old sedated, relaxed and mechanically ventilated piglets (8.6±1.1kg). Video sequences were recorded using Microscan Microvision® device at three different times: before, after induced hypovolemic shock and after fluid resuscitation. 51 sets of measurements where obtained by the analysis of video sequences using automated vascular analysis software. Microcirculation was assessed determining PVD, MFI and HI.

Background and aims Childhood accidents are the leading cause of health problems, death and disability that can be prevented. Accidents can be predicted and avoided by identifying the risks. The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of paediatric forensic cases and to reveal the relationship between judicial decisions and trauma scores. Methods Forensic reports of the Children under 18 admitted to our emergency department of Van Military Hospital, a second level hospital, between January and November 2013 were retrospectively evaluated. Demographic data of the patients and life threat decisions were investigated and trauma scores were calculated. P-value under 0,05 was considered to be significant. Results Forty-four (15.1%) of 290 forensic cases admitted to our emergency department were under 18. Of the patients, 43.2% (19) were female and the mean age was 8.7 ± 5.41 (minmax: 0-17). Ten (22.7%) of them were traffic accident, 8 (18.2%) were falling from height, 12 (27.3%) were assault, 2 (4.5%) were burn, 10 (22.7%) were poisoning and suicide. Four of all patients (9.1%) were having life threat and 9 (20.5%) patients were having no injury requiring simple medical intervention. In the evaluation of the cases; Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 1.93 ± 2.27 (1-16), Revised Trauma Score (RTS) was 99.72 ± 0.17 (99-99.83), Trauma score-injury severity score (TRISS) was 7,082 ± 0.15 (7,841) and New Injury Severity Score (NITS) was 2.55 ± 3.52 (1-16). Conclusions Traffic accidents, falls, assaults and poisonings are the most common forensic cases in childhood and we found a significant relationship between life threat decision and anatomical and physiological trauma scores.