Tulisan ini mencoba menguraikan struktur ideologi Seno Gumira Adjidarma dalam Saksi Mata pada masa otoriter Orde Baru. Pisau analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori kritik sastra materialisme Terry Eagleton yang mengasumsikan bahwa teks sastra tidak bertindak pasif, tetapi bertindak aktif menentukan proses produksi dan struktur ideologi yang melingkupinya. Dengan demikian, kritik sastra Eagleton melihat karya sastra dari aspek eksternal dan juga aspek internalnya. Berangkat dari hal itu, bagaimana Saksi Mata menawarkan bentuk kritik yang, tentu ideologis, dihadirkan guna mengguncang kekuasaan absolut Orde Baru? Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, struktur ideologi dalam cerpen Saksi Mata meliputi prkatik material eksternal dan internal teks. Aspek eksternal teks merupakan hasil artikulasi dominasi Orde Baru. Untuk itu, Saksi Mata juga tidak luput dari pengaruh mobilisasi Soeharto, akan tetapi Seno dengan Saksi Mata mampu melawan kebijakan tersebut. Kedua, konstruksi internal teks yang sebetulnya ruang perjumpaan dan negosiasi ideologi-ideologi yang ada, Saksi Mata berupaya menunjukkan kengerian totaliter Orde Baru. Akan tetapi, tentu dalam ruang politik yang represif, kritik dalam semangat kemanusiaan, keadilan dan kebebasan berpendapat ditransfor-masi dan dibungkus dalam cerpen Saksi Mata dengan bangunan satire dan khas komedi, sekaligus mengungkapkan kengeriannya.

This study aims to discuss Seno Gumira Ajidarma's political and aesthetic disensus efforts towards the representative regime of the Utan Kayu Community and the Soeharto ethical regime through the short story "Saksi Mata". Seno's census efforts were displayed through the short story "Saksi Mata" seen from class migration and author's ideology, socio-political conditions, and narrative aesthetics at the time so as to destabilize the police hierarchy and establishment of the regime. Departing from this, how "Saksi Mata" offers an aesthetic form through the census of political and aesthetic structures, with the migration of its authors to shake the power of both regimes. This research uses the census theory of Jacques Rancière. Data collection is done by referring and dialectically. The results showed that, first, "Saksi Mata" responded to the New Order's authoritarian political structure that mobilized censorship, confining the freedom of opinion and work. Second, Seno's aesthetic movement also undermines the conventions of ethical regimes and representative regimes. From there the census of the Seno movement with "Saksi Mata" which offered aesthetics that were not trapped in communal imagination.

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri strategi simbolis Eka Kurniawan dalam novel Lelaki Harimau. Pisau analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Pierre Bourdieu yang mengasumsikan bahwa pengarang di dalam arena sastranya dipengaruhi modal dan habitus supaya dilabeli pengarang melalui strategi tertentu. Berangkat dari hal tersebut, bagaimana strategi Eka Kurniawan dalam novel Lelaki Harimau sehingga mampu memperoleh legitimasi di arena sastra Indonesia sekaligus mendapat nominasi di ajang arena sastra The Man Booker International Prize 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Eka mewabahkan eksistensinya melalui habitus dan akumulasi modal pengetahuan sastra yang luas. Hal itu dilakukan dalam upaya sebagai bentuk strategi simbolis Eka untuk mencanangkan posisinya sebagai penulis terlegitimasi spe sik dengan, dapat dikatakan, sebutan “penulis pertama Indonesia yang masuk nominasi The Man Booker Prize”. Kata kunci: strategi, modal, habitus, Eka Kurniawan Abstract This paper tries to trace the symbolic strategy of Eka Kurniawan in the novel Lelaki Harimau. The analysis knife used in this study is Pierre Bourdieu’s theory which assumes that the author in the literary arena is in uenced by capital and habitus so that the writer is labeled through a certain strategy. Departing from this, how is Eka Kurniawan’s strategy in Lelaki Harimau so that it can gain legitimacy in the Indonesian literary arena at the same time being nominated in the literary arena of The Man Booker International Prize 2016? The results showed that Eka made her existance through habitus and extensive accumulation of literary knowledge capital. This was done in an effort as a form of Eka’s symbolic strategy to declare his position as legitimate writer with, it could be said, “the title Indonesia’s rst writer who was nominated by The Man Booker Prize”. Keywords: strategy, modal, habitus, Eka Kurniawan

This research aims to analyse the biopolitics and sovereignty crisis in Arafat Nur’s novel, Lampuki (2011). The method used in this research was the literary method with data collection, which was by utilising the listening and dialectical methods. This research used Giorgio Agamben’s biopolitical theory. The results indicate that the biopolitical transformation of the Achehnese society to the Indonesian state moved into the inclusion process from zoe to bios. However, there are research gaps in the area of inclusion, namely bare life. The Achehnese were not automatically brought into a new political order, but they were circling the area between inclusion and exclusion as well as the politicisation of life. In addition to the past history, the sovereignty crisis occurred and was officially declared by the government. As a consequence from the state of exception, the homo sacers in the novel, Lampuki tend to be civilians. The novel does not merely re-present past conflicts, but also implicitly shows root causes of conflict from biopolitics. Keywords: Biopolitics, State of Exception, Homo Sacer, Novel Lampuki.