This study aims to explore and describe the concept of forgiveness in the perspective of Islam Keywords: forgiveness, psychology, religiousity AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan mendeskripsikan konsep pemaafan dalam perspektif Islam dan ilmu psikologi. Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif analitis ini bermaksud untuk menjawab pertanyaan sejauhmana kedekatan hubungan antara Islam dan psikologi tentang konsep pemaafan. Adapun bahan-bahan penelitian diambil dari buku, jurnal, serta sumber otoritatif dalam Islam. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa Pemaafan adalah sebuah karakter dalam diri manusia yang secara kuat mengekspresikan kecenderungan untuk memahami kesalahan orang lain, menghindari balas dendam, selalu memelihara hubungan baik dengan sesama, dan menciptakan kedamaian dan keselamatan bagi semua. Pemaafan dalam konsep Islam sangat dominan dipengaruhi oleh faktor keberagamaan (religiusitas). Hal ini karena, bagi seorang Muslim, agama adalah inspirasi utama dan sumber ajaran kebaikan yang harus diartikulasikan dalam kehidupan nyata demi kemaslahatan dan kerahmatan alam semesta
<p>Asas legalitas memiliki kedudukan yang sangat fundamental dan menjadi asas penting dalam hukum pidana. Asas Legalitas yang berlaku saat ini memiliki keterbatasan dalam memperjuangkan nilai-nilai keadilan hukum sehingga memunculkan beberapa kritik dan wacana pembaharuan dari para ahli hukum. Salah satu wacana yang hendak dikaji adalah penggunaan Asas Legalitas Hukum Pidana Islam sebagai bahan untuk melakukan rekonstruksi substansi hukum yang ada saat ini. Melalui metode yuridis normatif akan digali secara komprehensip prinsip-prinsip keadilan hukum yang terkandung dalam Asas Legalitas Hukum Pidana Islam dan kemungkinan penerapannya dalam hukum pidana di Indonesia. Temuan penelitian ini adalah bahwa secara normatif, Asas Legalitas Hukum Pidana Islam memiliki kedekatan dengan norma-norma agama karena bersumber dari Nas. Oleh karenanya, asas-asas legalitas yang dirumuskan sangat kental makna teologis dan spiritualitas. Asas Legalitas Hukum Pidana Islam memiliki karakteristik fleksibilitas dalam penerapan Asas-Asas Legalitasnya karena dukungan klasifikasi tindak pidana yang efisien. Asas legalitas Hukum Pidana Islam memiliki kontribusi signifikan dalam pembaharuan hukum pidana di Indonesia yaitu kontribusi yang bersifat ideologis, berupa hukum pidana dengan filosofi Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa, dan kontribusi yang bersifat yuridis, berupa karakter hukum pidana yang sederhana, efisien, responsif, progresif dan seimbang.</p>
The issue of the escalation of crime, which is increasingly varied and is getting heavier, is becoming a global concern. The development and progress of the world seems to have contributed to changes in the type and quality of crime, not only in the form and method, but also in the damage it causes. Crime trends increasingly point to collective crimes, systematic crimes, and crimes with extensive and massive excess damage. This article intends to criticize the systematic change (evolution) that has occurred in the concept of ḥirābah crime in Islamic law from a classical to contemporary perspective. The qualitative analysis of this article is focused on three fundamental issues, namely; ḥirābah interpretation, ḥirābah liability, and ḥirābah punishment. The author reveals in the conclusion that; first, based on its elements and characteristics, the definition of ḥirābah can be expanded to include new types of crimes such as; terrorism, rape, and drug trafficking and smuggling. Second, it is necessary to reconstruct the ḥirābah responsibility theory into a formulation that considers the principle of legal certainty and the principle of equality before the law. The reconstruction model, among others, is the affirmation that all people who involve themselves in the crime are perpetrators of ḥirābah (with an ishtirāk approach). Likewise, reconstruction efforts are needed to enforce equality of accountability between male and female actors. Third, as a serious crime, ḥirābah deserves a severe punishment and has a strong deterrent effect, as offered by Islamic law. However, the opportunity to give dispensation to the punishment will always be open if the perpetrator can prove his seriousness in repenting.[Eskalasi kriminalitas yang semakin beragam dan berat telah menjadi perhatian global saat ini. Pembangunan dan kemajuan dunia berkontribusi pada perubahan pola dan tingkat kriminalitas, tidak hanya bentuk dan cara, tetapi juga akibat yang ditimbulkan. Trend kriminalitas bertambah mulai dari yang berkelompok, sistematis, hingga yang kerusakannya masif dan pengaruhnya panjang. Tulisan ini mengkritisi perubahan sistematis pada konsep kriminal (ḥirābah) dalam hukum Islam dari pendekatan klasik hingga kontemporer. Analisis kualitatif dalam tulisan ini fokus pada tiga hal mendasar yaitu penafsiran, arah kecenderungan dan hukuman. Kesimpulan pertama tulisan ini adalah definisi kriminal berdasarkan unsur dan karakternya yang dapat meluas maknanya termasuk terorisme, pemerkosaan, narkoba, dan penyelundupan. Kedua, perlu rekonstruksi baru teori kriminalitas yang mempertimbangkan kepastian hukum dan kesetaraan hak dimuka hukum. Ketiga, sebagai kejahatan serius, ḥirābah pantas mendapat hukuman berat dan mempunyai efek pencegahan yang kuat seperti halnya dalam hukum Islam. Meski demikian, ada peluang dispensasi hukuman jika pelaku dapat menunjukkan kesungguhan untuk bertobat.]
<p><em>This study aims to determine the influence of: 1) the influence of the study program on forgiveness, 2) the influence of gender on forgiveness, 3) the background of the study program and gender interactively on forgiveness. The population of this study was the Syari'ah and Law Faculty students at UIN Walisongo Semarang. The sample in this study was taken by cluster random sampling. The number of selected samples is 81 people. Data collection is done by questionnaire technique. Data analysis using the mean difference test (t-test) and Two Path Variant Analysis. So in this study, forgiveness (Y) as dependent variable will be viewed from the background of the study program (X1) and gender (X2) as criteria. The results showed that: 1) Students of the Jinayah-Siyasah study program tended to have higher levels of forgiveness than students of Ahwal al-Syakhsiyyah and Muamalah study programs. The calculation of the F value at the 5 percent significance level shows F = 34,051 ≥ 3,119 = F (α = 0.05: 2, 75); 2) Male students tend to have a higher level of forgiveness than female students. The calculation of the F value at the 5 percent significance level shows F = 45,342 ≥ 3,968 = F (α = 0.05: 1, 75); 3) Interactively, the background of the study program and gender does not affect the level of student forgiveness. The result of the calculation of the F value at the 5 percent significance level shows F = -12.530 <3.119 = F (α = 0.05: 1, 75)</em><strong><em></em></strong></p><p align="center"> </p>
The application of the death penalty for perpetrators of riddah by fuqaha is a problematic violation of human rights. This is because there is no good reason to show that the punishment for riddah is the death penalty. The existence of the hadith which is considered to be the legitimacy of riddah punishment turns out to be very different from the reality of its application in the history of Islamic criminal law. This article aims to answer academic anxiety about the death penalty for perpetrators of riddah as a result of the ijtihad of fuqaha as well as to confirm the construction of its historical reality in state life. This article finds that some verses of the Qur’an and the hadith which are used as legal basis by fuqaha are only understood textually and treated as absolute theological verses and hadiths, but not based on historical evidence. The history of the application of criminal punishment during the time of the Prophet shows that there is no application of the death penalty to the perpetrators of riddah, except riddah which is followed by criminal acts. So it is not solely because of the act of riddah itself, but because of a greater crime against Islam. The implementation of the death penalty for the perpetrators of riddah which is based on textual interpretation of the hadith, thus has the potential to conflict with the principles of human rights and religious freedom which have been regulated in the Qur’an.Contribution: This study enriches perspectives on the meaning of riddah as one of the strategic issues in Islam and shows that a new interpretation of riddah has become an important idea to promote a peaceful and inclusive society and provide access to justice for all.
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